Sensory Flashcards
thin mucous membrane that covers and protects the eye
conjunctiva
causes of conjunctivitis
allergic
bacterial
chlamydia trachomatis
types of conjunctivitis that can be spread to another?
only infectious so not allergic
Allergic Conjunctivitis Assessment:
Sensation of burning, “bloodshot” appearance, excessive tears, itching
bacterial conjunctivitis assessment
Blood vessel dilation, edema, tears, discharge (watery then mucus)
interventions for bacterial conjunctivitis
Obtain cultures, Antibiotic eyedrops, prevent spread of infection,
Wash hands
Do not share washcloths and towels
Discard makeup and contacts used at time infection began
Chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia
Trachoma
assessment of trachoma
Similar to bacterial conjunctivitis at first > follicles form on upper eyelid, eyelid scars, turns inward and lashes damage the cornea
trachoma interventions
Antibiotic therapy (oral azithromycin), tetracycline eye ointment, infection control
conjunctivitis that can lead to blindness
trachoma
Lens opacity/ lens cloudiness
cataract
the clear portion of the eye that helps to focus images onto the retina
lens
what are cataracts? primary cause?
> With aging (and with various conditions like sun exposure), the lens changes and areas of cloudiness form.
The areas can get larger over time (water loss, protein clumping), obstructing vision
risk factors for cataracts
**Age Injury **Sun exposure --> wear sunglasses/hats Family history Diabetes Steroid use Eye disease
vision changes in cataracts
Description of vision --Blurred vision --Decreased color perception --Double vision Activities of daily living difficulties Sensitivity to light "Halos" seen around light Poor night vision
advanced practitioner assessment of cataracts
Absent red reflex +/-
Difficult to view the retina on exam
cataract prevention
wear sunglasses
post op cataract surgery
Post-op eyedrops Avoid sun exposure -Dark lenses/ night patch -Report Pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting - increased ICP Sharp, sudden eye pain Bleeding Green or yellow discharge Lid swelling… -Activity restrictions- avoid things that increase ICP - coughing/sneezing/ straining w/ BM, heavy lifting/ vacuuming -infection education
when do you see vision improvement with cataract surgery?
1 day + 4-6 weeks complete improvement
Group of disorders that cause increased intraocular pressure in the eye with peripheral vision loss
glaucoma
glaucoma patho
- Precise amount of gel and fluid must exist within the eye in order to maintain correct pressure so that eye maintains its ball-shape
- ->Dependent on production and outflow of aqueous humor
- ->If pressure is too high > compression of blood vessels, photoreceptors and nerve fibers > nerve death > blindness
2 types of primary glaucoma
- Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) - most common
- Affects both eyes
- Aqueous humor through chamber angle is reduced –> increase IOP
- Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG/ acute)
- Sudden onset, Forward displacement of the iris Closes chamber angle
- Emergency
most common type of glaucoma
primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)
^^sounds like a chair from ikea
type of glaucoma that is an emergency
-Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG/ acute)
