Sensation Principles

Question 1

Describe Senses

Answer 1

Registration that something is touching the skin
[-] low tactile registration= doesn’t detect, cannot register stimuli touching skin
-Sub: seem to hurt themselves a lot but never notice
-Obs: watch their response to tactile stimuli
[+] hypersensitivity= detect touch better than most, can detect unimportant touch (and find them noxious)

Question 2

Describe Engages

Answer 2

[-] avoid/dislikes= discomfort/noxious sensation when in contact with normal tactile sensations eg Tags on clothes, diff texture
-Sub: Picky with what they play with, avoid certain textures, only has one/texture they like
-Obs: tactile behaviour observation scale measure freq and length of engagement in tactile activities
[+] overseas/perseverates= seeks out particular textures or strong tactile sensation (compensation)

Question 3

Describe Nominates

Answer 3

Perception, understand when, where, what (texture), what (haptic) tactile

• Sub: can’t discriminate objects in pile, messy handwriting/pushing too hard
• Obs: slow, inefficiënt performance of tasks

Question 4

Describe Symmetry

Answer 4

Both sides should be pretty much the same
[-] extinction, hemiparesis, hemiplegia= ability to register/perceive tactile stimulation on one side, can’t perceive stimulation one side when stimulates presented on opposite side
-Sub: kid is only good using one hand
-Obs: play using one hand, other hand may not even be used in WB or to assist, both sides don’t get same scores on test
[+] localised hypersensitivity= one side more sensitive than the other

Question 5

Describe Adjust posture

Answer 5

If child receives tactile stim, can they resp appropriately
[-] poor delayed position adjust, uncomfortable
[+] excessive adjustment= overboard in mvmt or hold themselves rigid

Question 6

Describe Tunes

Answer 6

How children use the tactile info to feedback + fine tune their movement
[-] poor fine tuning= lack of control, poor attention to tactile feedback, can’t predict or perceive aspects like texture or weight
[+] over responds= can’t calibrate feedback from tactile senses to adjust fine finger mvmts

Question 7

Describe integrates

Answer 7

Child combines inputs from tactile senses and other info to integrate response
[-] under-responds= can’t feel tactile and can’t integrate with other senses
[+] over responses= over distracted by tactile stim and can’t have another response

Question 8

Describe overrides

Answer 8

Can override sensory conflict
[-] unresolved sensory conflict/mismatch due to poor tactile registration and perception= rely on vision more
[+] can detect sensory conflict appropriately

Question 9

Describes normal performance

Answer 9

[-] tactile deficits= unsafe, accidental injury as child can’t feel tactile stim
[+] too safe= fear, avoidance of tactile stim, keep avoiding and further exacerbate problem

Question 10

Explain tactile reasoning and when they are appropriate

Answer 10

Connecting another way= children with sufficient vision and attention +/- movement

Sneaking through the door= children with sufficient movement and attention

Pressing the buzzer repeatedly= children who are able to attend two the stimuli, but may have visual and motor impairments

Question 11

Tactile deficits in paid populations

Answer 11

Cerebral palsy= 40% unilateral CP have reg and perception deficits, 37% tactile perception, 23% do not have tactile impairment

Developmental co-ordination disorder= 50% of children below non-dominant SPL, 30% dominant –> hand writing leg and speed

Obstetric brachial plexus palsy= have poorer tactile function, abnormal result on 2PD, impaired ability to detect touch

Autism= too much tactile info, heightened sensitivity–> affects ability to regulate

DS= deficits ID objects with touch

Spina Bifida/hydrocephalus= difference in graphaesthesia in children