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Psychology > Sensation & Perception > Flashcards

Sensation & Perception Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensation

A

What an individual feels when a stimulus reacts with a receptor.

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2
Q

Sensory Threshold

A

The necessary strength of a stimulus to instigate an action potential

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3
Q

Habituation

A

The filtering out of unchanging stimuli

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4
Q

Cornea

A

Cover of the eye that angles light into the pupil

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5
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

Clear liquid nourishing and diffracting the eye

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6
Q

Pupil

A

The center region in which light travels through and is dilated by the iris muscles

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7
Q

Retina

A

The back of the eye which contains photoreceptors

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8
Q

Lens

A

Angles light farther to converge on the retina in the back of the eye

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9
Q

Fovea

A

The central region in the retina with the highest concentration of photoreceptors

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10
Q

Blind Spot

A

The location of the optic nerve where there are not photoreceptors

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11
Q

Vitreous Humor

A

Liquid in the eye that bends the light the most… converges on the retina

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12
Q

Rods

A

non-color photoreceptors that work in low light

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13
Q

Cones

A

Photoreceptors that collect the high intensity color light; produce colored vision and the sharpness an image has, due to their higher concentration

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14
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

There are three colors of photoreceptors (red, blue, and green ) which produce the rainbow of colors we see when activated in various proportions

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15
Q

Opponent-Process Theory

A

There are four types of cones, (red, blue, green, and yellow) that go in pairs, [red with green, and blue with yellow] that are activated by different colors and when fatigued cause the opponent cone to be stimulated more shifting the color visualized

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16
Q

Afterimage

A

visual sensation that persists briefly after stimulus ends

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17
Q

Colorblindness

A

One kind or many kinds of cones that are damaged causing one to see in limited colors and grays

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18
Q

Place Theory

A

Cell hairs closer to the oval window vibrate at higher frequencies than those farther away

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19
Q

Volley Principle

A

Cell hairs alternate firing which adds up to a desired frequency

20
Q

Frequency Theory

A

BLAH BLAH

21
Q

Conduction Impairment

A

The sound waves aren’t sent from the eardrum to the cochlea

22
Q

Nerve Hearing Impairment

A

The signal isn’t sent down the nerves due to auditory pathway damage

23
Q

Five Tastes

A

Sweet, Sour, Bitter, Salty, Umami(Brothy)

24
Q

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA)

A

The inability to feel pain

25
Q

Kinesthetic Sense

A

The location of body parts in relation to another

26
Q

Vestibular Sense

A

Otolith organs and semicircular canal that tell the movement of the body (example… the ears tell head movement)

27
Q

Size Constancy

A

A objects size remains the same no matter the distance away

28
Q

Somatic Pain

A

2 kinds of skin pain

  • The initial sharp intense pain
  • The longer lasting throbbing or aching pain
29
Q

Figure-Ground

A

The perceiving of objects as existing in the background

30
Q

Motion Sickness

A

Nauseous feeling arising from the difference between what the eyes see and what the ears are sensing

32
Q

Reversible Figures

A

The background and figure are interchangeable

33
Q

Proximity

A

When things are together they tend to be grouped in clumps

34
Q

Similarity

A

Things are perceived to be from the same group when they look alike/similar

35
Q

Closure

A

Tendency to finish object’s shapes that are not complete

36
Q

Continuity

A

One tends to see a large image over the complex broken pieces composing it

37
Q

Contiguity

A

How one tends to perceive things close in time as being connected

38
Q

Shape Constancy

A

Objects are given a specific shape even if looked at in a weird angle

39
Q

Linear Perspective

A

Lines parallel appear to converge as they move into the distance

40
Q

Relative Size

A

Due to size consistency, the smaller an object is the farther away it is

41
Q

Overlap

A

Objects blocked by another are farther away

42
Q

Aerial Perspectivee

A

Far away objects are hazier because of dirt, dust, and pollutants

43
Q

Texture Gradient

A

A pattern farther away - the pattern is less likely to be seen

44
Q

Motion Paradox

A

Objects farther away look to move slower

45
Q

Convergence

A

The movement of the eyes when focusing on an object

- Converge (cross-eyed) when objects are close

46
Q

Binocular Disparity

A

The summation of what both eyes seem from their different perspectives

47
Q

Brightness Constancy

A

Objects will be perceived to have a specific brightness no matter the light change

Psychology (5 decks)

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