Sensation and Perception test Flashcards
the focusing of light waves from objects of different distances directly on the retina
accomodation
a theory of color vision which assumes that there are three types of cones, each activated only by wavelength ranges of light corresponding roughly to blue, green, and red.
trichromatic theory
the brain’s use of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations to interpret sensory information
top-down processing
the gestalt perceptual organizational principle that the brain completes incomplete figures to form meaningful objects
closure
our sensitivity to unchanging and repetitious stimuli disappears over time
sensory adaptation
the number of times a waveform cycles in 1 second
frequency
the minimum difference between two sensory stimuli detected 50 percent of the time
absolute threshold
a line or shape that is perceived to be present but does not really exist. the brain creates it during the perception
subjective contour
the perceptual stability of the size, shape, brightness, and color of familiar objects seen at varying distances different angles, and under different lighting conditions
perceptual constancy
the process by which the rods and cones, through internal chemical changes become more and more sensitive to light in dim light conditions
dark adaptation
the amount of energy in a sensory stimulus detected percent of the time is called the ______.
absolute threshold
red wavelengths of light are _____, and violet wavelengths of light are ______.
long, short
the rods in the retina are responsible for ____ vision, and the cones are responsible for _____ vision.
dim light, color
according to the opponent-process theory of color vision, if you stared at a blue circle for a while and then looked at a white surface, you would see a circular _____ image.
yellow
perceiving either a vase or two facial silhouettes looking at each other was used to illustrate the gestalt principle of ______: perceiving two ambiguous characters numerically as 14 or alphabetically as the letter B was used to illustrate ______.
figure and ground, contextual effects
although henry’s watchband was bothering him when he first put it on, a short while later he did not even notice he was wearing it. this illustrates _____.
sensory adaptation
the sensation is to _____ as perception is to ______.
stimulation, interpretation
the place on the retina where axons of all the ganglion cells come together to leave the eye is called the ______.
blind spot
visual distance and depth cues that require the use of both eyes are called _____.
binocular cues
the hue (or color) of light depends on its _____.
wavelength
the eye is sensitive to only a very small segment of the spectrum, known as ____.
visible light
when mixing paints, red, blue, and yellow make _____ paint.
black
when mixing lights, red, green, and blue make _____ light.
white
the most common form of colorblindness is a(n) _____ color deficiency.
red/green
