Sensation And Perception Flashcards
Definition of sensation
A physiological process involving sensory receptors detecting and responding to the presence of stimuli
Definition of perception
Mental process of organising and interpreting sensory stimuli sent from the senses so it achieves a meaningful form
What affects our perception?
Motivation, past experience and context of a given situation
What are visual perception principals
Rules that we automatically apply to visual stimuli to assist the organisation and interpretation of stimuli in consistent and meaningful ways.
What are the 3 categories of perceptual principals
- Gestalt principle
- Depth perception principle
- Constancies
What are gestalt principles
- Figure ground
- Closure
- Proximity
- Similarity
What are pictorial depth cues
Linear perspective - lines leading toward a distance
Interposition - one overlapping the other
Texture gradient - foreground = clear background = blurry
Relative size - comparing size of objects
Height in the visual field - closer to horizon = depth
What are the 4 constancies
- Size constancy
- Shape constancy
- Brightness constancy
- Orientation constancy
What is a visual illusion
A consistent misinterpretation of real visual stimuli, involving a mismatch between our perception and our understanding of physical reality
What factors effect our perceptual set
Context, motivation and emotional state, cultural factors, past experience
What is divided attention
The ability to distribute ones attention and undertake more than one activity at the same time
What is selected attention
The ability to focus your full attention on one specific activity at a time
What is habituation
The tendency to get used to and therefore ignore a stimulus that is experienced repeatedly
What is dishabituation
Occurs when a change in the same stimulation is so intense jt causes us to pay attention to it again
