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Physcology > Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

Sensation and Perception Flashcards

1
Q

protects the eye

A

Cornea

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2
Q

black hole, lets light in

A

Pupil

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3
Q

muscle that regulates pupil size

A

iris

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4
Q

focus light onto retina

A

Lens

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5
Q

Light sensitive receptors

A

Retina

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6
Q

Rods

A

black, white, and grey

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7
Q

cones

A

color

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8
Q

Central focus point, cluster of cones

A

Fovea

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9
Q

Carries neural impulse to brain

A

Optic nerve

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10
Q

Where optic nerve connects, no rods/cones

A

Blind spot

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11
Q

Process of receiving info from body sent to brain (physical)

A

sensation

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12
Q

Little details to big picture

A

Bottom-Up Processing

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13
Q

Organizing and interpreting info in brain (mental)

A

Perception

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14
Q

big picture to analyze details

A

Top-Down Processing

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15
Q

minimum amount of stimulation needed to fire

A

Absolute Threshold

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16
Q

when neurons fire to minimum change

A

Difference Threshold

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17
Q

How/when we detect things

A

Signal Detection Theory

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18
Q

Neurons stop firing to same message

A

Sensory Adaptation

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19
Q

What we focus on

A

Selective Attention

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20
Q

Process light with 3 receptors (red, green, and blue)

A

Trichromatic (three-color) Theory

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21
Q

lack one of three types of cones

A

Color Deficiency

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22
Q

Opponent-Process Theory

A

Process color with 3 pairs of receptors (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)

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23
Q

Sound waves

A

hearing

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24
Q

Sounds high or low based on frequency (wave length)

A

Pitch

25
Q

Sounds loud or soft based on amplitude (wave height)

A

Decibels

26
Q

Chemical Sense

A

Smell and Taste

27
Q

Project from brain to process smell, taste buds do the same on tongue

A

Olfactory Cells

28
Q

Mechanical sense 4 things we sense- pain, warm, cold, pressure
gate control theory- pain travels on its own neural pathways

A

Touch

29
Q

Mechanical sense

A

Body Senses

30
Q

Sense of body orientation and balance located in the semicircular canals

A

Vestibular Sense

31
Q

Organizing and interpreting information

A

Perception

32
Q

Organizing pieces into a whole (gestalt cube)

A

Gestalt

33
Q

Figure equals what we focus on, ground equals everything else

A

Figure-Ground

34
Q

How we organize information

A

Grouping

35
Q

Clump things that are alike together

A

Similarity

36
Q

How close they are distance wise

A

Proximity

37
Q

Brain fills in gaps

A

Closure

38
Q

Object appears to move in the same direction continually

A

Continuity

39
Q

Ability to see 3D and judge distance

A

Depth Perception

40
Q

Experiment testing baby’s depth perception (nature & nurture)

A

Visual Cliff

41
Q

Depth cues requiring both eyes

A

Binocular Cues

42
Q

Slightly different different images from both eyes confuse things

A

Retinal Disparity

43
Q

Tension in eye muscles focusing on close objects

A

Convergence

44
Q

Depth cues requiring only one eye

A

Monocular Cues

45
Q

Closer equals bigger farther equals smaller

A

Relative Size

46
Q

Closer equal faster farther equals slower

A

Relative Motion

47
Q

Closer = blocking farther objects

A

Interposition

48
Q

closer = lower, farther = higher

A

Relative Height

49
Q

closer = more detail, farther = less detail

A

Texture Gradient

50
Q

closer = more clear, farther = less clear

A

Relative Clarity

51
Q

closer = parallel lines, farther = point

A

Linear Perspective

52
Q

Perceiving size, shape, and lightness as unchanging

A

Perceptual Constancy

53
Q

Distance actually changes

A

Size Constancy

54
Q

Angle actually changes

A

Shape Constancy

55
Q

Lighting conditions actually change

A

Lightness Constancy

56
Q

only see things one way

A

Perceptual Set

57
Q

Controversial claim of perception without sensation

A

Extrasensory Perception (ESP)

58
Q

Tricking into misinterpreting sensory info

A

Illusions

Physcology (7 decks)

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