Sensation and Perception 1

Question 1

attention

Answer 1

= ability to preferentially process some parts of a stimulus at the expense of processing of other parts go the stimulus

Question 1

overt attention

Answer 1

= directly looking at an object

Question 2

covert attention

Answer 2

looking at one object but attending to another

Question 3

saccades

Answer 3

when your eyes jump between points in a visual field

Question 4

fixations

Answer 4

when your eyes stay looking directly at one part of a scene

Question 5

the binding problem

Answer 5

issue of how objects individuals features are bound to create a coherent percept

Question 6

how is the binding problem solved

Answer 6

feature integration theory

Question 7

change blindness

Answer 7

if some parts of a scene change you may not notice a change bc you can only remember a few parts of the scene at once

Question 8

why is object perception hard

Answer 8

stimulus on the retina is ambiguous
objects can be hidden or blurred
objects can look different from different viewpoints and in different positions

Question 9

sensation

Answer 9

= elementary processes occur in response to stimuli

Question 10

perception

Answer 10

= conscious awareness of objects and scenes

Question 11

Gestalt principles

Answer 11

similarity
proximity
figure ground
symmetry
closure
order
continuation

Question 12

motion perception helps us

Answer 12

breaks camouflage
attracts attention
segregate objects from the background

Question 13

akinetopsia

Answer 13

life without motion perception

Question 14

apparent motion

Answer 14

when a series of stationarity images are presented in succession to give the impression of motion

Question 15

illusory motion

Answer 15

no real motion occurring

Question 16

induced motion

Answer 16

a nearby object either affects the perceived motion of a second object or causes the second object to appear to move

Question 17

colour by physics definition

Answer 17

an electromagnetic radiation with varying wavelengths which give rise to different colours

Question 18

opaque object

Answer 18

an object hat light cannot pass through

Question 19

transparent object

Answer 19

an object is determined by the colour it transmits

Question 20

2 photoreceptor cells

Answer 20

rods
cones

Question 21

rods

Answer 21

black and white
low lights

Question 22

cones

Answer 22

colour
not work in low lights
S, M and L cones

Question 23

monochromatism

Answer 23

only have functioning rods
see everything in shades of grey

Question 24

how do we perceive depth

Answer 24

occulomotor cues e.g. binocular convergence and accomodation
monocular cues e.g. accomodation, pictorial cues, movement based cues

Question 25

how do we perceive size

Answer 25

angular size and perceived depth

Question 26

physical sound definition

Answer 26

a pressure change in the air or medium

Question 27

sound perceptual definition

Answer 27

the experience we have when we hear

Question 28

pure tones

Answer 28

when the change in air pressure occurs in a pattern

Question 29

frequency and sound

Answer 29

the higher the frequency the higher the pitch

Question 30

amplitude and sound

Answer 30

the greater the amplitude the louder the sound

Question 31

timbre

Answer 31

when the harmonics were remobved and the pitch doesn’t change but the tone still sounds different e.g. when different instruments play the same note

Question 31

fundamental frequency

Answer 31

the frequency that all the other frequencies are multiples of

Question 32

periodic sounds

Answer 32

Musical sounds

Question 33

aperiodic sounds

Answer 33

sounds that don’t repeat

Question 34

binaural cues

Answer 34

interaural time differences
interaural level differences

Question 35

monoaural cues

Answer 35

sounds coming from different elevations bounce off different parts of the pinna before entering the ear canal