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ENDO > Seminar 2: Paraphenalia > Flashcards

Seminar 2: Paraphenalia Flashcards

1
Q

According to Grossman what are the groups of instruments

A

Exploring instruments
Debriding instrument
Cleaning and shaping
Obturating

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2
Q

Give an example of exploring instrument.

A

DG16

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3
Q

What instruments do we have for exploring calcified canals ?

A

Ultrasonics

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4
Q

What method exist for measuring canal length ?

A 
Patient feedback
Paper point
Tactile sense
Radiograph
Electronic apex locator
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5
Q

What is the working length ?

A

Length to which instruments are used to

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6
Q

What does the EAL measure

A

Canal terminus

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7
Q

What shape is the apical foramen?

A

Inverted cone

Narrowest coronal and widest apically

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8
Q

What tissue is the major foramen located in

A

Cementum

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9
Q

What is the problem with the CDJ in determining canal length ?

A

Histologogical site only and not always consistent

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10
Q

Why do we prep to the apical construction

A

Creates smallest wound
Apical to this is PDL
CoronaL to this is pulp

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11
Q

Name two organisations that aim to improve instrument quality

A

ISO

ANSI (AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE)

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12
Q

What is the taper of ISO files?

A

0.02 / 2%

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13
Q

What is the working length of K files?

A

16mm

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14
Q

What type of tip do k flex files have ?

A

Cutting

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15
Q

Which cases are better suited for k flex files ?

A

Calcified

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16
Q

Using k flex in curved canals can lead to?

A

Ledging

17
Q

Flexofiles are made from what shape blank?

A

Size 6 8 10 square blank (this means they aren’t too flexible and retain strength )
Size 15+ triangular blank (this means they are still flexible )

18
Q

What is the tolerance allowed for k files?

A

0.03-0.04 for larger files

19
Q

How does canal transportation occur?

A

When the tip is loose and remainder of file is bound

20
Q

What are the components of stainless steel files ?

A 
Iron
Chromium ( at least 10.5%)
Carbon (less than 1.2%)
Nickel 8-10%
Other metal
21
Q

How do NiTi fail?

A

Cyclic fatigue

Torsional fatigue

22
Q

Between rotational and reciprocal files which have better cyclic fatigue resistance

A

Reciprocal

23
Q

How do ultrasonic and sonics work ?

A

Method of activating files by using electromagnetic energy

24
Q

What are the risks of using ultrasonics and sonic instruments ?

A

Risk of fracture

Must remain passive in the canal

ENDO (22 decks)

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