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DOSAGE FORMS 2023 > Semi Solid Preparations M3 > Flashcards

Semi Solid Preparations M3 Flashcards

1
Q

Semi-solid preparations intended for external application to the skin or mucous membranes.

A

Ointment

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2
Q

Applied to the skin with or without inuctions (rubbing).

A

Ointment

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3
Q

Also called SALVE, CHRISMA or UNGUENTUM.

A

Ointment

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4
Q

Ointment also called?

A

Unguentum
Salve
Chrisma

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5
Q

What are the ointment bases?

A

Mixture of waxes
Fats
Oils

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6
Q

Emollient effect and effective as occlusive dressings.

A

Hydrocarbon bases

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7
Q

Remain on the skin for long periods without drying out and difficult to wash off.

A

Hydrocarbon bases

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8
Q

When powdered substances are to be incorporated into hydrocarbon bases, liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) may be used as?

A

Levigating agent

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9
Q

Give the examples of hydrocarbon bases.

A

Pertolatum
White petrolatum
Yellow ointment
White ointment

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10
Q

Not easily removed from the skin with water washing, because the external phase of the emulsion is oleaginous.

A

Absorption bases

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11
Q

Useful as pharmaceutical adjuncts

A

Absorption bases

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12
Q

Permit the incorporation of aqueous solutions resulting in the formation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion

A

Absorption bases

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13
Q

Give the examples of absorption bases.

A

Lanolin
Cold cream

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14
Q

Known as “water-washable bases”

A

Water-removable bases

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15
Q

Removed easily from skin or clothing.

A

Water-removable bases

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16
Q

May be diluted with water or aqueous solutions and can absorb serous discharges.

A

Water-removable bases

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17
Q

What is the example of water-removable bases?

A

Hydrophilic ointment

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18
Q

Also known as “greaseless bases”

A

Water soluble bases

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19
Q

It doesn’t contain oleaginous components.

A

Water soluble bases

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20
Q

With the aid of heat.

A

Fusion

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21
Q

Components are combined by melting together and cooled with constant stirring until congealed.

A

Fusion

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22
Q

The material with the highest melting point are heated to the lowest required temperature to produce a melt.

A

Fusion

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23
Q

Additional materials are added with constant stirring during cooling of the melt until the mixture is congealed.

A

Fusion

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24
Q

Without the aid of heat

A

Mechanical incorporation

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25
Q

The components are mixed until a uniform preparation is attained.

A

Mechanical incorporation

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26
Q

should be added to the molten fatty bases at the lowest possible temperature and the mixture stirred until cold.

A

Soluble solids

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27
Q

should be incorporated using an ointment tile and spatula. If there is more than one powder to be added these should be mixed in a mortar using the ‘doubling-up’ method.

A

Insoluble solids

28
Q

WHITFIELD’s OINTMENT

Synonyms:
Latin’s name:
Uses:
Formulation:
Method of preparation:

A

-Benzoic acid and Salicylic acid
-Unguentum Acidi Benzoico Et Salicyli
-Keratolytic, fungicide
-Benzoic acid, salicylic acid, woolf fat, white petrolatum
-Mechanical incorporation

29
Q

SIMPLE OINTMENT

Synonyms:
Latin’s name:
Uses:
Formulation:
Method of preparation:

A

-Simple ointment
-Unguentum album, Unguentum simplex
-Emollient, ointment base
-White wax, petrolatum
-Fusion

30
Q

Are semisolid preparations containing one or more medicinal agents dissolved or dispersed in either the o/w emulsion or in another type of water-washable base.

A

Creams

31
Q

Commonly used in topical skin products and in products used rectally and vaginally.

A

Creams

32
Q

Preferred over ointments because they are easier to spread and remove.

A

Creams

33
Q

External phase is water

A

Oil in water

34
Q

Produced by synthetic waxes

A

Oil in water

35
Q

Rapid absorption and penetration of drugs.

A

Oil in water

36
Q

What are the two types of creams?

A

Oil in water
Water in oil

37
Q

Thin, white and smooth in consistency.

A

Oil in water

38
Q

Examples of oil in water.

A

Hand cream
Vanishing cream
Foundation cream
Shaving cream

39
Q

External phase is oil

A

Water in oil

40
Q

Produced by emulsifying agent of natural origin.

A

Water in oil

41
Q

Good emollient property

A

Water in oil

42
Q

Creamy, white or translucent and rather stiff.

A

Water in oil

43
Q

Examples of water in oil.

A

Cold cream
Emollient

44
Q

COLD CREAM

synonyms:
Latin name:
Uses:
Formulation:
Preparation:

A

-Petrolatum rose water ointment
-Unguentum aquae rosal petrolatum
-Emollient, cleansing cream
-mineral oil, Rose oil, White wax, Glycerin
Sodium borate
-Puried water
-Fusion

45
Q

Ointment-like preparations which are usually stiffer, less greasy and more absorptive than ointments.

A

Pastes

46
Q

Not suited for application to hairy parts of the body.

A

Pastes

47
Q

Absorb serous secretions and are preferred for acute lesions

A

Pastes

48
Q

should not contain corrosive ingredients like dithranol, coal tar or salicylic acid

A

Pastes

49
Q

It is also useful for absorbing harmful chemicals, such as the ammonia that is released by bacterial action on urine, and so are often used in nappy products.

A

Pastes

50
Q

they can form an unbroken layer over the skin which is opaque and can act as a sun filter.

A

Pastes

51
Q

This makes them suitable for use by skiers as they prevent excessive dehydration of the skin (wind burn) in addition to sun blocking.

A

Pastes

52
Q

ZINC OXIDE PASTE

Synonyms:
Latine name:
Uses:
Formulation:
Preparation:

A

-Lassar’s plain zinc paste
-Pasta zinci oxide
-Astringent, protective and vehicle
-zinc oxide, starch, white petrolatum
-incorporation

53
Q

Prefer by patient less sticky

A

Cream

54
Q

Easy to spread and remove

A

Creams

55
Q

treating oozing or “wet” skin conditions.

A

Creams

56
Q

covering large areas of skin.

A

Cream

57
Q

best used on dry skin.

A

Ointment

58
Q

occlusive,’ which means they trap moisture and are not well absorbed into the skin.

A

Ointment

59
Q

keep the skin moist for longer periods of time.

A

Ointment

60
Q

promote more complete absorption of the active ingredient or medication

A

Ointment

61
Q

Thick and stiff
• Less greasy
• More absorptive
• Applied with spatula
• Protective coating

A

Pastes

62
Q

A pharmaceutical powder is a mixture of finely divided drugs from the comminution of chemicals by in dry form.

A

Powders

63
Q

This method is often used to prevent a gritty feel when solids are incorporated into dermatologic or ophthalmic ointments and suspensions.

A

Levigation

64
Q

3 types of mortar and pestle.

A

Wedgewood
Glass
Porcelain

65
Q

Continuous rubbing or grinding of the powder in a mortar with a pestle.

A

Tituration

DOSAGE FORMS 2023 (4 decks)

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