POWDERS, GRANULES, CAPSULE Flashcards
A pharmaceutical powder is a mixture of finely divided drugs from the comminution of chemicals in dry form.
Powders
• Flexibility of compounding
• Good chemical stability
• Rapid dispersion of ingredients because of the small particle size
Advantages
• Time-consuming preparation
• Inaccuracy of dose
• Unsuitabity for many unpleasant tasting, hygroscopic, and deliquescent drug
Disadvantages
are medicated powders usually present in large quantities or volumes and are limited to non-potent substances.
Bulk powders
known as CHARTULA/CHARTULAE
Divided powders
dispensed in individualized doses
Divided powders
examples of these powders are dusting powder, oral powders, triturations, douche, insufflations, and dentifrices.
Divided powders
This method is often used to prevent a gritty feel when solids are incorporated into dermatologic or ophthalmic ointments and suspensions.
Levigation
Triturating it in a mortar and pestle or using an ointment slab and spatula.
Levigation
using an additional materials in which that material is soluble- a volatile solvent that evaporates.
Pulverization by intervention
Examples of volatile solvent
Alcohol
Acetone
What are the types of mortar and pestles
Wedgewood
Glass
Porcelain
Particle sizes are determined by the size of sieve they will pass through generally range from _____ to _____ micron in size.
0.1
10
The size of the particles are often expressed as a ______ which corresponds to the mesh screen size of a sieve.
Number
Other name of divided powders
Chartula
Chartulae
The dissolved powder is then mixed in a mortar or spread on an ointment slab to enhance the evaporation of the solvent. As the solvent evaporates, the powder will recrystallize out of solution as fine particles.
Pulverization by intervention
This technique is often used with gummy substances that reagglomerate or resist grinding.
Pulverization by intervention
used to blend small amounts of powders on a sheet of paper or a pill tile.
Spatulation
This method is not suitable for large quantities of powders or for powders that contain potent substances because homogeneous blending may not occur.
Spatulation
a thin, semi-opaque, moisture-resistant paper.
Vegetable parchment