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Psychology > Semi-final > Flashcards

Semi-final Flashcards

1
Q

Sleep

A

Blood receding blood vessels in the skin from the interior parts of the body

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2
Q

Suggested function that wine could be ingested rise from the stomach

A

Aristotle

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3
Q

Interior and exterior parts of the body

A

Heart

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4
Q

Everything involves at the

A

Brain

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5
Q

Brain dead

A

Heart still functions

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6
Q

Through with the discovery of MACHINE

A

Brain waves

Electroencephalogram

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7
Q

Function of electroencephalogram

EEG

A

Made it possible for sleep to record the electrical activity of the brain during sleep

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8
Q

Stages of EEG sleep

A

Each sleep has characteristic brain wave activity

Stage 1- Transition stage
Stage 2- 
Stage 3-
Stage 4-
Stage 5-
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9
Q

From wakefulness to sleep and is identified and theta waves and last between 1-7 minutes

(Yawning)

A

Stage 1

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10
Q

EEG recording has shown fast frequency burst of activity (sleep spindles)

A

Stage 2

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11
Q

Through 4 muscle tension, (heart rate, respiration, and temperature) gradually decline and becomes more difficult to be awakened

A

Stage 2

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12
Q

Sleep soundly

A

Stage 2

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13
Q

30 minutes after falling asleep may pass through stage three and stage four, the EEG recording shows delta waves and it is the deepest stage of the sleep

A

Delta waves- determine how deep is the sleep

Stage 3 and enters stage 4

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14
Q

There is mark Secretion of growth hormone

A

Stage 4

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15
Q

Determine a a deep sleep person is a ratio between a sleep spindles and number of delta waves

A

Sleep researchers

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16
Q

Go back to stage 2 and enter

A

REM sleep

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17
Q

R.E.M.

A

Rapid Eye Movement sleep

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18
Q

The __ look exactly like the beta waves that are observed when we are completely awake

A

EEG tracing

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19
Q

Because in __, study show that the neurons in the cerebral cortex become much more active during the stage of R.E.M.

A

brain imaging

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20
Q

Makes up 20% of our sleep time and during this stage, we experience vivid

A

R.E.M. sleep

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21
Q

Moves eyes

A

Dreaming

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22
Q

Trace how deep is our sleep

A

EEG

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23
Q

We go through sleep cycle 5-6 times during 8 hours of sleep

A

Plautnik

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24
Q

3 important factors of that determine when we fall asleep

A

Circadian rhythm

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25
Q

In this case, the sleep wakes cycle set about 25 hour period

A

Circadian rhythm

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26
Q

Function of Circadian rhythm

A

Control the rise and fall of physiological responses

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27
Q

Responses

A

Temperature
Environmental arousal
Sleep deprivation

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28
Q

Function of temperature

A

Start and stop of responses like going to sleep and waking up

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29
Q

These rhythm is due to some rhythmical activity of the hypothalamus

A

Temperature

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30
Q

When our body is in state of hyped arousal because of stress, excitement and drugs that increase arousal can interfere with the onset of sleep as well as staying asleep

A

Can’t sleep or trouble staying asleep

31
Q

When we are deprived of one sleep we go to sleep sooner but there can sleep longer

Can affect task performance

A

Sleep deprivation

32
Q

It was found that the past is boring, the task can’t be boring with only a few hours of sleep

A

Sleep deprivation

33
Q

2 theories why we sleep

A

Repair theory

Adaptive theory

34
Q

According to the stereoactivity during the day, the deplete

Key factors are replenished and repaired by sleep

A

Repair theory

35
Q

These theory makes sense during stage 4 sleep and their mark of secretion of growth hormone, metabolism physical growth and mental development

A

Repair theory

36
Q

Sleep evolve because it prevented early humans and animals from wasting energy and exposing themselves to danger of radiators. It was necessary for their survival

A

Adaptive theory

37
Q

Experience strong energy

A

Adaptive theory

38
Q

People who are deprived sleeping show more than one day show no physical or behavior changes

A

R.E.M. sleep deprivation

Adaptive theory

39
Q

However people with R.E.M. sleep deprivation spend more than one day sleep later on they would engage behaviors and have a positive affect

A

R.E.M. REBOUND

40
Q

Insomnia 1 year 20 times

A

Depression

41
Q

Extrasensory perception

42
Q

Issues about learning

A

Adapted Change in behavior resulting from experience

Evolutionary terms LEARNING

43
Q

Knowledge vs wisdom

A

Kaaalaman from learning

Wisdom is from above- do right that has its reason, justice to know if it’s knowledge from our study, matagal na taglay, common sense

44
Q

Maturation vs learning

A

Some behavior change like walking talking and adult sexual behavior- Learning

45
Q

Required biological development, comes with experiences

46
Q

Simple vs complex kinds of learning

A

Relatively simple forms of learning ex habituation classical and operand conditioning

Learning to talk, calculate, learning to history of civil war

47
Q

Pavlov’s experiment

Physiology of salivation of dog won the nobel prize, been award kind of learning

A

Classical condition

Pavlovian Condition

48
Q

Basic paradigm of Classical conditional of Pavlov

A

Former neutral stimulus/conditional stimulus and a bell

49
Q

Unconditioned stimulus that automatically produces a response

A

Conditioned response

Food
Pavlovian

50
Q

Conditioned response

A

Salivation

51
Q

The bell will illicit a response

A

Bell, salivation

52
Q

This learned response to the bell

A

Conditioned response

53
Q

Examples of classical conditioning

A

Learning of flashing of police lights in your rear view mirror

Learning to feel anxiety when you hear the sound of the dentist office

Feeing tender emotion a song when it’s associated with your first romance

Mother breast produce milk when her baby cries

54
Q

Famous case of little Albert or learning fear

55
Q

Our mind knows what’s wrong or wrong

A

Must be positive or right

56
Q

Traditional psychologist believed that __are involuntary responses (heart rate, sweating, eye blinking,) contrast to operand conditioning

A

Classical conditioning

57
Q

Evolutionary purpose of classical conditioning

A

Helps the body prepared itself for expected or unlikely
events

Salivation aids the digestion process

If a painful shock is likely, the body prepares itself for its stressors

58
Q

Terms in Classical conditioning

A

Extinction- weakening of the conditioned responses when there’s ceases between conditioned stimulus and Unconditioned stimulus (CS AND US)

Spontaneous recovery- the tendency for conditioned response to reappear after extinction takes place

Generalization- tendency for an animal or person not only to condition the exact conditioned stimulus used during conditioning trials but also conditional response.
Ex: owner bells not only his dog but other dogs

Semantic generalization- kind of generalization which occurs only in people when people learned conditioned responses to words they may generalize to the concepts referred to
Ex: learn prejudice stealing, generalize them by labels

  • Generalize responses to words with similar meaning: electric shocks with words “light”
  • Use metaphor- not exact word but once you heard, you know
  • five fingers- marijuana
  • lodi, petmalu, werpa, nosi balasi

-Generalize the response to the objects or concepts that the words refer to

59
Q

Factors that influence classi

A

Time delay with CS and US
50-700 milliseconds influenced classical conditioned
N
Time arrangement,
a. Simultaneous backward conditioning- CS occurs after the US has started
b. Forward conditioning- CS comes first, and while it’s still going US follows
c. Trace- CS comes first and after CA stops, US occurs

60
Q

Contiguity vs Contingecy views of classic

A

Pavlov’s: CC occurs when the CS and US occurred together in time and space

CC occurs only when the CS provides information when US is occurring

61
Q

Blocking experiment

Animals first conditioned to blink- UC

1 CS= light and sound for trials

A

Everything in the environment responds, food needs water, shampoo- CS

US- forced to do it

62
Q

Response prevention paradigm

A

Paralyzed muscle

CR- Conditioned response

Animals and People

63
Q

Biological preparedness and classic

Animal food aversion-

CR: smell and taste visual cues

A

Unusual case of learning condition can occur on trial

Time delay on CS and US can be longer

64
Q

Thorndyke’s experiment

Hungry cats locked in a box can be opened only at a latch: experiment
Get better and quicker in escaping with successive trials

Lock in a loop of wire

Law of effect- mechanistic effect on rewards

A

Operand Condition

65
Q

Necessary to be rewarded
Thollmans notion of learning
Learn it layout–

A

Freely roam to Layout

66
Q

Skinner, view of operand and conditioning

A

Animals emit behavior freely- operants

Skinner box- lever at the box FOR THE MATURE ANIMALS ONLY
Ex: food reinforcing hungry animal
water reinforcing thirsty
Sex reinforcing sexual

67
Q

Terms and concepts in operand conditioning

A

Positive and negative reinforcement - both increase probability response
Presentation of desired stimulus: food and money-
Determination of aversive or unpleasant stimulus: pain and anxiety and electric shocks

Do people drink alcohol and take drugs like cocaine because of positive or negative reinforcement?
Other countries serve it as a medicine, when overdose, breaks normality
Numb the feelings- terminally ill and cancer patients
Normal people- dead

68
Q

Modern theories of hunger and thirst

A

Obesity- strongly influenced by genetic factors but clearly plays a role in many cases

69
Q

Some individuals suffer defects in satiety regulation:

A

Prader-Willi syndrome

70
Q

It also involve multiple factors such as the volume of water in the stomach, the body as a whole and in the interior of cells

71
Q

The concept of stress-induced behavior resembles

A

Hull’s original drive concept

72
Q

It also resembles popular ideas about motivation held by non-scientists

A

Motivation involved a vague sorry of pep or energy, generated in response to environmental challenge (stress) and shaped or directed by the situational context

73
Q

Dominated the psychology of motivation during the late 1930e and 1940s

A

Hull’s motivational theory

74
Q

5 categories of emotional quotient (EQ)

A
  1. Self- awareness
    - Emotional awareness
    - Self-confidence
  2. Self-regulation
    - self-control
    - Trustworthiness
    - Conscientiousness
    - Adaptability
    - Innovation
  3. Motivation
    - Achievement
    - Commitment
    - Initiative
    - Optimism
  4. Empathy
    - Service Orientation
    - Leveraging Diversity
    - Developing others
    - Political awareness
    - Understanding Others
  5. Social skills
    - Influence
    - Communication
    - Leadership
    - Change catalyst
    - Conflict management
    - Building bonds
    - Collaboration and Cooperation
    - Team capabilities

Psychology (6 decks)

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