Semester test

Question 1

Ethos

Answer 1

Appeal to ethics or credibility, Based on the way you deliver your speech

Question 2

Pathos

Answer 2

Appeal to emotion, Based on the way you deliver your speech

Question 3

Logos

Answer 3

Appeal to Logic

Question 4

Debate

Answer 4

Organized arguing between two sides that decides what should be done and is evaluated by an independent third party.

Question 5

Friendly

Answer 5

Kind and pleasant

Question 6

Hostile

Answer 6

An audience that is against you either consciously or sub-consciously

Question 7

Non-committal

Answer 7

Not expressing or revealing preference to a definite option

Question 8

Analogy

Answer 8

A comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation or clarification

Question 9

Anecdote

Answer 9

A short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person

Question 10

Rhetorical device

Answer 10

A technique that a speaker uses to convey to the listener a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering a topic from a different perspective.

Question 11

Thesis

Answer 11

Sentence or less explaining the focus of the speech to the audience.

Question 12

Artifact

Answer 12

An object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest

Question 13

Author

Answer 13

A writer of a book, article, or report

Question 14

Speaker

Answer 14

The person in charge of communicating to the assembled spectators

Question 15

Audience

Answer 15

the assembled spectators or listeners at a public event

Question 16

Medium

Answer 16

the intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses

Question 17

Delivery

Answer 17

the characteristics of speech-giving: i.e. vocal quality, body posture, eye contact

Question 18

Sarcasm

Answer 18

the use of irony to mock or convey contempt

Question 19

Bias

Answer 19

Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

Question 20

Ambiguity

Answer 20

uncertainty or inexactness of meaning in language

Question 21

Propaganda

Answer 21

information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

Question 22

Cultural influence

Answer 22

influences means historical, geographical, and familial factors that affect assessment and intervention processes.

Question 23

Diction

Answer 23

The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.

Question 24

Poise

Answer 24

a dignified, self-confident manner or bearing

Question 25

Inflection

Answer 25

the modulation of intonation or pitch in the voice

Question 26

Context

Answer 26

the circumstances that form the setting for an event

Question 27

Credibility

Answer 27

the quality of being trusted and believed in

Question 28

Articulation

Answer 28

the adjustments and movements of speech organs involved in pronouncing a particular sound.

Question 29

Censorship

Answer 29

The practice of officially examining books, movies, etc., and suppressing unacceptable parts.

Question 30

Copyright

Answer 30

the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assigner to print, publish, preform, film, or record… material, and to authorize others to do the same.

Question 31

Giving credit to a source

Answer 31

What you have to do to not plagiarize

Question 32

Secondary source

Answer 32

any source about an even.. that was produced after that event

Question 33

Questionnaire

Answer 33

A set of printed or written questions with a choice on answer.

Question 34

Logical Fallacies

Answer 34

Common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points, and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. Avoid these common fallacies in your own arguments and watch for them in the arguments of others.

Question 35

Slippery Slope

Answer 35

This is a conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps, through B, C,…, X,Y,Z, will happen, too, basically equating A and Z. So, if we don’t want
Z to occur, A must not be allowed to occur either.

Example: If we ban Hummers because they are bad for the environment eventually the government will ban all cars, so we should not ban Hummers.

Question 36

Hasty Generalization

Answer 36

This is a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence. In other words, you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all the relevant facts.

Example: Even though it’s only the first day, I can tell this is going to be a boring course.

Question 37

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

Answer 37

This is a conclusion that assumes that if ‘A’ occurred after B, then B must have caused A.

Example: I drank bottled water and now I am sick, so the water must have made me sick.

Question 38

Genetic Fallacy

Answer 38

This conclusion is based on an argument that the origins of a person, idea, institute, or theory determine its character, nature, or worth

Example: The Volkswagen Beetle is an evil car because it was originally designed by Hitler’s army.

Question 39

Begging the claim

Answer 39

The conclusion that the writer should prove is validated within the claim

Example: Filthy and polluting coal should be banned

Question 40

Circular Argument

Answer 40

This restates the argument rather than actually proving it

Example: George Bush is a good communicator because he speaks effectivly

Question 41

Either/or

Answer 41

This is a conclusion that oversimplifies the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices

Example: We can either stop using cars or destroy the Earth

Question 42

Ad hominem

Answer 42

This is an attack on the character of a person rather than his or her opinions or arguments.

Example: Green Peace’s strategies aren’t effective because they are all dirty, lazy hippies.

Question 43

Ad populum

Answer 43

This is an emotional appeal that speaks to positive (such as patriotism, religion democracy) or negative (such as terrorism or fascism) concepts rather than the real issue at hand

Example: If you were a true American you would support the rights of people to choose whatever vehicle they want.

Question 44

Red Herring

Answer 44

This is a diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather than addressing them

Example: The level of mercury in seafood may be unsafe, but what will fishers do to support their families?

Question 45

Straw Man

Answer 45

This move oversimplifies an opponent’s viewpoint and then attacks that hollow argument.

Example: People who don’t support the proposed state minimum wage increase hate the poor.