semester final Flashcards
Connective tissue
Protects and supports the body and its organs, binds organs together, stores energy reserves as fat, and provides immunity.
epithelial tissue
Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, hollow organs, and ducts; and forms glands
Muscular tissue
Generates the physical force needed to make body structures move.
Nervous tissue
Detects changes inside and outside the body and initiates and transmits nerve impulses that coordinate body activities to help maintain homeostasis.
Features of epithelial tissue
- closely packed cells with little to no extracellular material between them arranged in continuous sheets in single or multiple layers.
- its avascular (no blood supply)
simple epithelium
single layer functioning in diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption.
stratified epithelium
two or more layers to protect tissue below
pseudostratified epithelium
appears stratified but it isnt because the cells dont reach the surface. cells are usually ciliated or secrete mucus.
Simple squamous
single layered flat cells filters the kidneys and lungs
simple cuboidal epithelium
single layer of cuboidal shaped cells covers ovary and eyes lines the kidney secretes and absorbs
nonciliated simple columnar epithelium
single layer of columnar cells lines the gastrointestinal tract secretes acid
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
single layer of ciliated rectangular cells lines the upper respiratory tract
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
only single layer with the appearance of many layers moves mucus and other substances
Connective tissue
the most abundant tissue in the body consists of widely spaced cells highly vascular (rich blood supply)
Matrix
Matrix is the material between cells provides strength and support its very abundant in connective tissue
Chrondrocyte
Cells found in cartilage
synovial membrane
Consists of areolar connective tissue instead of epithelium. Lines the cavities of some movable joints
Muscle tissue
consists of cells called muscle fibers that are specialized for contraction. -provides motion, maintains posture, produces heat, and protects.
Adipocytes
Fact cells
Functions of the skin
Regulates body temp, protection, sensory reception, excreation and absorption, vitamin D synthesis, acts as a blood resevoir, and provides immunity.
Epidermis
The outermost layer of skin composed of epithelial tissue
Dermis
Thicker layer of skin, has the most sensory receptors, neurons, blood vessels, and glands.
homeostasis
How the body keeps a constant internal environment
negative feedback with example
A response that reverses the original stimulus
Giving birth
positive feedback with example
Leads to even more significant changes in the same direction
axillary
armpit
phalanges
fingers, toes
brachium
arm
popetiel
back of the knee
cephalic
head
oral
mouth
inguineal
groin
thoracic
chest
cervical
neck
antebrachial
forearm
gluteal
buttock
calcaneal
heel, stone
superior
up or towards your head
inferior
under, below, or bellow the head
distal
at the end of
medial
middle
superficial
aboove
Ribosomes
Contains protiens
rough endoplasmic recticulum
contains the ribosomes thats why it is rough
acne
bacteria in the skin
Dermatology
Study of the skin
Albinism
Defect of melanin production
Functions of the skeletal system
Supports Protects Mineral Homeostasis Movement Production of red blood cells Triglyceride storage
Endochrondral ossification
when a bone forms within the hyaline cartilage
articular cartilage
thin layer of hyaline cartilage between bones to help reduce friction
osteoprosis
condition of bone loss
diaphysis
the shaft of the bone
ephipheseal plate
cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphyses
female bones
wider and shallower pelvis
osteoarthritis
wear and tear of the bones and joints
ball and socket joints
can do all motions
rheumatoid arthritis
a persons antibodies attack the joint tissue —- immune disease
dislocation
displacement of a bone from its joint
strain
overstreching of a muscle
flexion
decreases an angle
abduction
away from the midline
supination
turning to the outside
inversion
turning inward
depression
lowering
vesicles
vesicles filled with ACH located in the synaptic end bulb
muscle tissue functions
produces movement
stabalizes the bodies movement
helps regulate hormone and organ production
sodium
ions that flow across the membrane and enter muscle fiber to help stimulate impulse
tendons
pull on bones to stimulate impulse
ATP
provides eneergy for impulse and muscle contractions —- neurotransmitter
impulse
production of both contraction and relaxation depending on the message sent through the impulse
ACH
Neurotransmitter
myosin
pulls on filaments to produce sliding and filtration
