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Physiology > semester final > Flashcards

semester final Flashcards

0
Q

Connective tissue

A

Protects and supports the body and its organs, binds organs together, stores energy reserves as fat, and provides immunity.

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1
Q

epithelial tissue

A

Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, hollow organs, and ducts; and forms glands

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2
Q

Muscular tissue

A

Generates the physical force needed to make body structures move.

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3
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Detects changes inside and outside the body and initiates and transmits nerve impulses that coordinate body activities to help maintain homeostasis.

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4
Q

Features of epithelial tissue

A
  • closely packed cells with little to no extracellular material between them arranged in continuous sheets in single or multiple layers.
  • its avascular (no blood supply)
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5
Q

simple epithelium

A

single layer functioning in diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption.

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6
Q

stratified epithelium

A

two or more layers to protect tissue below

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7
Q

pseudostratified epithelium

A

appears stratified but it isnt because the cells dont reach the surface. cells are usually ciliated or secrete mucus.

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8
Q

Simple squamous

A

single layered flat cells filters the kidneys and lungs

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9
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium

A

single layer of cuboidal shaped cells covers ovary and eyes lines the kidney secretes and absorbs

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10
Q

nonciliated simple columnar epithelium

A

single layer of columnar cells lines the gastrointestinal tract secretes acid

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11
Q

ciliated simple columnar epithelium

A

single layer of ciliated rectangular cells lines the upper respiratory tract

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12
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

only single layer with the appearance of many layers moves mucus and other substances

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13
Q

Connective tissue

A

the most abundant tissue in the body consists of widely spaced cells highly vascular (rich blood supply)

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14
Q

Matrix

A

Matrix is the material between cells provides strength and support its very abundant in connective tissue

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15
Q

Chrondrocyte

A

Cells found in cartilage

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16
Q

synovial membrane

A

Consists of areolar connective tissue instead of epithelium. Lines the cavities of some movable joints

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17
Q

Muscle tissue

A

consists of cells called muscle fibers that are specialized for contraction. -provides motion, maintains posture, produces heat, and protects.

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18
Q

Adipocytes

A

Fact cells

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19
Q

Functions of the skin

A

Regulates body temp, protection, sensory reception, excreation and absorption, vitamin D synthesis, acts as a blood resevoir, and provides immunity.

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20
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost layer of skin composed of epithelial tissue

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21
Q

Dermis

A

Thicker layer of skin, has the most sensory receptors, neurons, blood vessels, and glands.

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22
Q

homeostasis

A

How the body keeps a constant internal environment

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23
Q

negative feedback with example

A

A response that reverses the original stimulus

Giving birth

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24
Q

positive feedback with example

A

Leads to even more significant changes in the same direction

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25
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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26
Q

phalanges

A

fingers, toes

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27
Q

brachium

A

arm

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28
Q

popetiel

A

back of the knee

29
Q

cephalic

A

head

30
Q

oral

A

mouth

31
Q

inguineal

A

groin

32
Q

thoracic

A

chest

33
Q

cervical

A

neck

34
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

35
Q

gluteal

A

buttock

36
Q

calcaneal

A

heel, stone

37
Q

superior

A

up or towards your head

38
Q

inferior

A

under, below, or bellow the head

39
Q

distal

A

at the end of

40
Q

medial

A

middle

41
Q

superficial

A

aboove

42
Q

Ribosomes

A

Contains protiens

43
Q

rough endoplasmic recticulum

A

contains the ribosomes thats why it is rough

44
Q

acne

A

bacteria in the skin

45
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of the skin

46
Q

Albinism

A

Defect of melanin production

47
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A 
Supports
Protects
Mineral Homeostasis
Movement
Production of red blood cells 
Triglyceride storage
48
Q

Endochrondral ossification

A

when a bone forms within the hyaline cartilage

49
Q

articular cartilage

A

thin layer of hyaline cartilage between bones to help reduce friction

50
Q

osteoprosis

A

condition of bone loss

51
Q

diaphysis

A

the shaft of the bone

52
Q

ephipheseal plate

A

cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphyses

53
Q

female bones

A

wider and shallower pelvis

54
Q

osteoarthritis

A

wear and tear of the bones and joints

55
Q

ball and socket joints

A

can do all motions

56
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

a persons antibodies attack the joint tissue —- immune disease

57
Q

dislocation

A

displacement of a bone from its joint

58
Q

strain

A

overstreching of a muscle

59
Q

flexion

A

decreases an angle

60
Q

abduction

A

away from the midline

61
Q

supination

A

turning to the outside

62
Q

inversion

A

turning inward

63
Q

depression

A

lowering

64
Q

vesicles

A

vesicles filled with ACH located in the synaptic end bulb

65
Q

muscle tissue functions

A

produces movement
stabalizes the bodies movement
helps regulate hormone and organ production

66
Q

sodium

A

ions that flow across the membrane and enter muscle fiber to help stimulate impulse

67
Q

tendons

A

pull on bones to stimulate impulse

68
Q

ATP

A

provides eneergy for impulse and muscle contractions —- neurotransmitter

69
Q

impulse

A

production of both contraction and relaxation depending on the message sent through the impulse

70
Q

ACH

A

Neurotransmitter

71
Q

myosin

A

pulls on filaments to produce sliding and filtration

Physiology (7 decks)

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