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Physiology > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

0
Q

astrocytes provide a protection of the brain called __________.

A

blood-brain barrier

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1
Q

At a synapse, the neuron that is sending the action potential is________.

A

presynaptic

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2
Q

This lines the cavities of the brain in the CNS.

A

ependymal cells

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3
Q

Produces the myelin in the CNS.

A

Oligodendrocytes

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4
Q

Supports neurons in the ganglia

A

Satellite cells

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5
Q

Star shaped and supports neurons in the CNS

A

astrocytes

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6
Q

Smallest in size of neuroglia

A

microglia

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7
Q

The three functions of the nervous system.

A
  1. Senses
  2. Integration functions
  3. Motor functions
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8
Q

Forms neurolemma and myelin in the PNS.

A

Schwann Cells

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9
Q

The synaptic cleft is the space that a _______ crosses to initiate a response in a post synaptic neuron.

A

Neurotransmitter

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10
Q

What is the difference between a nerve and a tract.

A

Nerve- located in the PNS
Tract- located in the CNS
both are bundles of myelin fibers

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11
Q

The insulating material of a neuron in the PNS is ______.

A

myelin

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12
Q

Two Characteristics that would increase the speed of nerve transmission.

A
  1. Diameter
  2. Myelinated
  3. Temperature
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13
Q

The bodies natural painkiller is….

A

Endorphins

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14
Q

The “fight of flight” nervous system_____.

A

sympathetic

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15
Q

A neurotransmitter that helps regulate moods is.

A

Seratonin

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16
Q

The arrangement of gray and white matter in the spinal cord.

A

White- outside- myelinated

Gray- Inside- unmyelinated

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17
Q

Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheathe

A

Nodes of Ranvier

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18
Q

Highly branched; input part of the neuron_____

A

Dendrites

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19
Q

Bundle of many axons in the CNS

A

Tract

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20
Q

Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS

A

Sensory (afferent)

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21
Q

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

A

nucleus

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22
Q

Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector

A

motor (efferent)

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23
Q

Presynaptic

A

A neuron sending the action potential

24
Astrocytes
star shaped that support neurons in the CNS that allso provide a protection of the brain called blood-brain barriers
25
Ependymal cells
lines the cavities of the brain in the CNS
26
Oligodendrocytes
Produce myelin in the CNS
27
Satellite cells
support neurons in the ganglia
28
microglia
smallest size of neuroglia
29
Schwann cells
forms neurolemma and myelin in the PNS
30
Neurotransmitter
The synaptic cleft is the space that it crosses to initiate a response in a post synaptic neuron
31
Myelin
insulating material of a neuron in the PNS
32
Endorphins
bodies natural painkiller relaeased in the brain
33
seratonin
A neurotransmitter that helps regulate moods
34
sympathetic
Fight or flight in the nervous system
35
Afferent
information going towards the CNS
36
efferent
information sent from the CNS away from it to another part of the body
37
Produces myelin sheath in PNS
schwann cell
38
group of cell bodies in PNS
ganglion
39
long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron.
axon
40
sac in which the neurotransmitter is stored
synaptic vesicle
41
the portion of the neuron containing the nucleus
cell body
42
neuron located entirely within the CNS
interneuron
43
substances used for communication at chemical synapses
neurotransmitter
44
bundle of many axons in the PNS
nerves
45
rounded structure at the distal end of an axon terminal
synaptic end bulb
46
type of neuron that sends impulses to the muscles
motor (effernt)
47
an axon carries impulses ____ from a cell body
away
48
a neurotransmitter must cross the _______ toinitiate an impulse in a post synaptic neuron
synaptic cleft
49
a motor neuron is
efferent
50
myelinated neuron appears what color
white
51
MS is more common in
women
52
membrane where inner an outer surfaces have equal amounts of electrical charges
depolarized
53
membrane where inner and outer surfaces have unequal amounts of electrical charge
polarized
54
time during which a neuron cant be stimulated to initiate an impulse
resting stage/ refractory period
55
ions found in high concentration inside plasma membrane
k+ potassium
56
ions found in high concentration ouside the plasma membrane
Na+ sodium
57
the difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a plasma membrane
resting
58
the mechanism by which ions are moved through the plasma membrane from lesser to ggreater concentration
sodium pump

Physiology (7 decks)

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