chapter 14 Flashcards by Callie Gits

two types of cells whose main function is phagocytic activity

neutrophils and monocytes

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what is the straw-colored liquid that remains when formed elements are removed from blood

plasma

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materials that the blood carries

CO2, O2, waste, hormones, and nutrients

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functions of the blood

transportation, regulation, and protection

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what percent of the plasma is composed of blood protiens

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what is the most common blood protein?

albumin

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what percent of the blood is made up of plasma?

55%

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What percent of plasma is composed of water?

91.5%

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The process of ingesting and destroying bacterial cells is…

phagocytosis

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an immature red blood cell …

reticulocyte

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How many RBC’s does the average person have per ML of blood?

5 million ML

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An inherited defect most common in African Americans that results in red blood cells that are distorted

Sickle cell disease

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Appendicitis or an acute infection will cause a rapid increase in what type of WBC?

neutrophils

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Which leukocytes are angranulocytes?

lymphoytes and monocytes

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which leukocytes are granular leukocytes?

neutrophils, ensophilse, and basophils

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Which leukocytes develop into cells which produce antibodies?

lymphocytes

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What is the average leukocyte count per ML of blood?

5,000-10,000

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What is the average number of platlets circulating per ML of blood?

250,000-400,000

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Fibrinogen and prothrombin are blood proteins necessary for this purpose.

blood clotting

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In blood clotting, thrombin converts fibrinogen to this substance.

fibrin

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If blood vessel cells are damaged they trigger formation of this enzyme in clottings first stage.

prothrominase

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What is the process of dissolving small inappropriate clots called?

fibrinolysis

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What is the effect of heparin and Coumadin on blood clotting

Inhibit (slow)

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What is the condition that causes the accumulation of fatty substances which cause rough spots on vessel walls

atherosclerosis

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The blood typer gene that is inherited as recessive

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-A typing serum but not in the anti-B serum, then you have this blood type

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-B typing serum but not in the anti-A serum then you have this blood type

If your blood agglutinates in both anti- A and anti- B serums then you have this blood type

If your blood does not agglutinate in either anti- A and/or anti- B serums then you have this blood type

Universal donors have this blood type

A universal recipient is this blood type

The antigen protein present on the red blood cell membrane determines this

blood type

The test that measures the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood

hemocrit

No one with type B blood can also have these antibodies

anti-B

In emergency transfusions one must always consider how the recipients __ react with the antigens of the donors red blood cells.

antibodies

Mr. A and Mr. AB have volunteered to give blood to Mr. B who has type B blood. Mr. A has type A blood and Mr. AB has type AB blood. Which blood could be transfused safely into Mr. B's blood?

neither

If a mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive, ( or the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive) what condition may occur?

Hemolytic Disease of the New born (HDN)

Complication in the birth of a third child to an Rh negative mother are most likely to occur when the child is Rh positive and the two previous children were Rh ____

positive

If a father donates the Rh+ gene and a mother donates the Rh- gene, what will the Rh of the children be?

Rh+

Where does the formation of most blood cells occur?

red bone marrow

Largest cell

White blood cells

smallest formed element

Platelets

carry oxygen

red blood cells

have a nuclei

white blood cells

fight infection

white blood cells

contain hemoglobin

red blood cells

live about 10 days

platelets

live only a few days

white blood cells

live about four months

red blood cells

biconcave disk shaped

red blood cells

make up the greatest blood volume

red blood cells

important in blood clotting

platelets

may have independent movement

white blood cells

White blood cell type that increases in number to combat inflammation during allergic reactions

eosinophil

the second most numerous kind of white blood cell; comes and goes from the blood stream

lymphocyte

the largest type of white blood cell

monocyte

WBC that cleans up debris after infections

monocyte

a plasma protein necessary for antibodies

globulin

a plasma protein important in maintaining the bloods viscosity

albumin

pigment of RBC's which carries oxygen

hemoglobin

protein on the surface of an RBC which can stimulate the formation of antibodies against it

antigen

another name for a red blood cell

erythrocyte

another name for white blood cells

leukocyte

the clumping together of red blood cells in an incomplete transfusion

hemolysis

another name for the clotting of the blood

coagulation

an increase in the number of leukocytes

leukocytosis

a decrease in the number of leukocytes

leukopenia

decrease in the number of erythrocytes

anemia

blood doping causing an over production of red blood cells

induced polycythemia

a pale yellow fluid similar to plasma but lacks clotting ability

serum

movement of white blood cells through a capillary wall

diapedesis

clotting inside and unbroken vessel

thrombosis

a blood clot inside a vessel

thrombus

a moving clot or obstruction in a vessel

embolus

cancer of the red bone marrow causing uncontrolled production of the white blood cells

leukemia

typified by abnormal sickle-shaped WBC's

sickle cell disease

Nutrients, hormones, and gases are carried by this part of the blood

plasma

the liquid part of the blood

plasma

proteins that are located on the blood cells

antigens

cells in the red bone marrow that have the ability to develop into many different cells

pluripotent stem cells

these blood cells may be found out of of the blood vessels in the spaces between cells

lymphocytes (WBC's)

Amount of blood in the average healthy male

5 CL

the term for stoppage of bleeding

hemostasis

Immature RBC's which contain a nucleus

reticulocytes

Blood Type A

A antigens present Anti-B anditbody(s) present can donate blood to both A and AB blood types

Blood Type O

no antigens present Anti-A and Anti- B antibody(s) present can donate blood to all blood types can receive blood from only O

Blood Type AB

AB antigens present no antibodies present can donate blood to AB only can receive blood from all types

Blood Type Rh+

Rh+ antigens present no antibodies present can donate blood to Rh+ can receive blood from Rh- and Rh+

A hematocrit is

the percentage of RBC's in whole blood

immunoglobulins

involved in certain immune responses

reticulocytes

develop into mature red blood cells

intrinsic factor

required for vitamin B(12) absorption

albumin

most abundant plasma protein

plasma

blood after formed elements are removed

serum

plasma without clotting proteins

fibrinogen

needed for blood clotting

in adults, erythropoiesis takes place in

red bone marrow

what pigment contributes to the color of urine

urobilin or hemoglobin

a primary function of red blood cell is to

deliver oxygen to the cells of the body

steps of hemostasis

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, prothrombinase formed, conversion of prothrombin into thrombin, conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin, clot retraction, fibrinolysis plasmin

monocytes

become wandering macrophages

lymphocytes

produce antibodies

basophils

involved in allergic reactions

neutrophils

first to respond to a bacterial invasion

eosinophils

destroy antigen- antibody complexes; combat inflammation