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Semester Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do atoms of a mineral arrange themselves?

A

Definition patterns called crystals.

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2
Q

What is the difference between a silicate and a non-silicate mineral?

A

Silicate have silicon and oxygen in them and non-don’t.

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3
Q

What does color tell you about a mineral?

A

The color on the outside of the mineral.

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4
Q

What does luster tell you about a mineral?

A

The way the mineral reflects light.

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5
Q

What does streak tell you about a mineral?

A

Color of the powder the mineral makes.

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6
Q

What does cleavage tell you about a mineral?

A

The splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces.

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7
Q

What are the four properties of minerals?

A

Natural, Inorganic, Solid, Definite Crystal Structure

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8
Q

What does fracture tell you about a mineral?

A

The manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces.

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9
Q

What does hardness tell you about a mineral?

A

A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratch.

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10
Q

What does density tell you about a mineral?

A

The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.

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11
Q

How is a rock different a your mineral?

A

Rocks are a bunch of minerals.

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12
Q

What role does erosion and deposition play in the rock cycle?

A

They break up materials and move them someplace else and place it.

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13
Q

How is a igneous rock formed?

A

Magma cooling.

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14
Q

How is a metamorphic rock formed?

A

Sedimentary rocks under a lot of heat and pressure.

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15
Q

How is a sedimentary rock formed?

A

Igneous rocks been weathered in eroded.

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16
Q

What causes the different textures of igneous rocks?

A

The time the magma has to cool.

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17
Q

How are sedimentary rocks classified?

A

The way they are formed.

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18
Q

What are two factors needed to make metamorphic rock.

A

Heat and pressure.

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19
Q

What is the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable resource?

A

Renewable can be used over and over again and nonrenewable can’t.

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20
Q

Give 10 examples of natural resources used for energy.

A

Natural gas, Coal, Oil, Wind, Propane, Butane, Fast Moving Water, Trees, Geo Thermal, Potatoes.

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21
Q

What are the three layers of the Earth according to composition?

A

Crust, mantle, core

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22
Q

How is continental crust different from oceanic crust?

A

Oceanic has twice as much iron, calcium, and magnesium as Continental.

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23
Q

What are the five physical layers of earth?

A

lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

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24
Q

What is the definition of plate tectonics?

A

A block of lithosphere that consist of asthenosphere.

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25
Q

Where are the plate tectonics?

A

On the mantle.

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26
Q

How do plate tectonics move?

A

Convection currents.

27
Q

What do scientists use to study earths interior?

A

Seismic waves.

28
Q

What causes earthquakes the form?

A

Elastic deformation.

29
Q

Order the three types of seismic waves according to when they hit a location.

A

P waves, S waves, and surface waves

30
Q

What does the viscosity of lava tell you?

A

How quickly the lava will flow.

31
Q

What are the three types of volcanoes?

A

Shield, Cinder Cone, and Composite

32
Q

What are some affects of volcanic eruptions?

A

New landforms, climate changes, fertile soil

33
Q

What is the difference between the inner planets and the outer planets?

A

The inner planets are solid, rocky, small, close together, and they have less moons. Outer planets are larger, farther from the sun, far apart, and have many moons.

34
Q

What order are the planet in?

A

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto.

35
Q

What are the two differences between rotation and revolution?

A

Rotation is the spin and the revolution is the time period.

36
Q

How is a asteroid different from meteoroid?

A

Meteoroids are smaller than asteroids.

37
Q

What is a comet?

A

A small body of rock and cosmic dust that orbits the sun giving of gas and dust as it gets closer to the sun.

38
Q

What can you learn about a star from its color and spectrum?

A

What elements it is made of.

39
Q

What are the two types of star movement?

A

Apparent an actual

40
Q

What is the longest portion of the life of a star?

A

Main sequence

41
Q

What two things must be in balance for a nebula to become stable?

A

Gravity and pressure

42
Q

How do plants form?

A

Rock and dust come together to form gravity.

43
Q

What is the source of the suns energy?

A

Hydrogen

44
Q

What caused the layers of the earth to form?

A

The denser elements sunk to the bottom.

45
Q

How do rocket to move?

A

Jet propulsion

46
Q

What are the different purposes of artificial satellites?

A

To look at the earth from space and other planets and moons.

47
Q

When sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure what does it change into?

A

A metamorphic rock.

48
Q

Which of the following is not a renewable resource coal, water, animals, trees.

A

Coal

49
Q

Gold is a gem used to make jewelry. Is gold a mineral?

A

Yes

50
Q

During the rock cycle what forms when magma cools?

A

Igneous rock.

51
Q

Some characteristics of minerals can be changed by humans. Which of the following characteristics is the best way to identify a mineral because it cannot be changed?

A

Streak

52
Q

Which of the following is a renewable resource? Coal, natural gas, petroleum, or freshwater.

A

Fresh water

53
Q

What is strata?

A

Layers in sedimentary rocks.

54
Q

What kind of deformation leads to earthquakes?

A

Elastic

55
Q

The deep interior of the earth can be mapped by using (Blank)?

A

Seismic waves

56
Q

A person who studies earthquakes is called a (Blank)?

A

Seismologist

57
Q

What is the area where two tectonic plates meet called?

A

A boundary

58
Q

Some scientist Refer to (Blank) as dirty snowballs because they are composed of ice rock and cosmic dust.

A

Comets

59
Q

What can a scientist learn about a star from it’s spectrum?

A

Composition

60
Q

Why is the planet Uranus considered a gas giant?

A

Because it has a deep massive atmosphere.

61
Q

The counterclockwise spin of a planet or moon as seen from above the planet’s north pole is called (blank)?

A

Retrograde revolution

62
Q

The length of day is based on the amount of time that…

A

Earth takes to rotate once on its axis.

63
Q

Which layer of the earth has the lowest density?

A

The crust

Science (16 decks)

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