Semester Exam Flashcards
The initial observation, the “what just happened” moment
observe and question
an “educated guess”
hypothesis
Was the hypothesis correct or incorrect? (one word)
conclusion
Carefully planned and written step by step experiment
procedure
Information collected during the experiment
data
gathering information prior to experimentation
research
written description of what was noticed during the experiment
hypothesis
In an experiment, the experimenter manipulates/changes the
independent variable
the smallest unit that can perform all of life’s processes
cell
surface tension is the result of
hydrogen bonds
carbon likes to bond 4 times by sharing electrons, this is called a
covalent bond
structures that carry out specialized jobs
tissues
process by which an organism becomes a mature adults
development
Why did the early biologists, in particular during the renaissance, primarily study nature?
Learn about God
The experimenter measures the
dependent variable
Speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the amount of energy needed to begin the reaction
catalyst
provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results
control group
fire is what kind of chemical reaction
exothermic
groups of cells with similar abilities
tissues
a paperclip can rest on the surface of the water due the ____ between water molecules
cohesion
energy needed to begin a reaction
activation energy
commonly referred to as the “organs of cells”, they perform all of the unctions within a eukaryotic cell
organelles
made of a single kind of atom that cannot be broken down any smaller by chemical means
element
electrons move about the nucleus of an atom in
orbitals
deuterium is a ___ of water
molecule
cell division and enlargement results in
growth
Ice floats because it is __ dense than liquid water due to __
less dense, hydrogen bounds
If a solution has more hydronium ions (h30), it will be somewhere between __ and __ on the pH scale
0 and 7
a chemical reaction that absorbs heat
endothermic
three things that can lead to bias in scientific research
religion, politics, war
independent variable
the variable that the experimenter manipulates
dependent variable
the variable that the experiment doesn’t change
what is mass
how much space an object takes us
what is weight
“heaviness”
what is a control group
group that a scientist claims is the ‘normal’, and compares his experiments to
what is an experimental group
group where experiments take place
powerhouse of the cell
mitochondria
key component of protein synthesis, found on the Endoplasmic Reticulum or floating in the cytoplasm
ribosome
What are the 7 characteristic of life?
organization, response to stimuli, homeotstasis, metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, change through time
How does the organization level go?
Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organs
What is homeostasis?
Ability to regulate internal enviornment
what is matabolism
when you take in energy and transform it
What is growth?
results from division and enlargement of cells (cell division, human conception)
development
process by which and organism becomes a mature adult
What is reproduction?
Produce new organisms like the original
What is change through time?
Genes remain unchanged, but possible physical changes
What are the three themes in biology?
Unity and diversity of life, interdependence of organisms, evolution in life
What was a greek philosopher, observation and classification based upon analysis?
Aristotle
Said science is not easy because challenges from public (politics, religion)
Ibn al-Haytham
History of inductive science, philosophy of inductive science
William Whewell
