Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

11 Psychology > Semester 2 - Unit 2 terms to know > Flashcards

Semester 2 - Unit 2 terms to know Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Person perception

A

mental processes used to understand and form impressions of other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Attribution

A

Evaluation made about causes of behaviour and the process of making his evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fundemental attribution error

A

Tendency to explain other people behviour from internal factors but ignore possible external factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Attitude

A

An evaluation of something
Needs:
evaluation, doesn’t change, learnt through experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tricomponent model of attitudes ABC

A

Model which illustrates relation ship betwen affective, behavioural and cognitive components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cognitive disonace

A

Psychological tension when thoughts feelings and or beliefs do not align
cannot sufficiently justify why you performed this behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cognitive biases

A

Unconcsious tendencies to interpret information in an irrational way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Confirmation bias

A

tendency to search for indo that supports our prior beliefs and ignore contradictory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Actor-observer bias

A

Tendency to attribute our own actions to external and others to internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Self-serving bias

A

Tendency to attribute positive successes to internal and failures as external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

False consensous bias

A

overestimate the degree to which others share the same ideas and attitudes as us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Halo effect

A

impressions we form about one quality influences our overall beliefs about the person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Heuristics

A

Information processing strategies or mental shortcuts that enable individuals to form judgements make decisions etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Base rate fallacy

A

Bias which desicions, soial perceptions and judgements are influenced more by memories thanstatistical fact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Enchoring heuristic

A

making judgement based off of first piece of information seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Avilability heuristic

A

gettting info that easily available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Reresentative heuristic

A

makign categorical judgement based on similarity to other items in that categoy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Affect heuritics

A

information-processing strategy taht involves using meotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Prejudice

A

often negative preconseption held against people with creating groups or solo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Discrimination

A

Acting of stereotypes and prejudice,
physical acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Stigma

A

1 - Shame or disgrace when different from others
2 - negative label associated with disapprovel or rejaction by others who are not labelled the same way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mental well being

A

individuals current psycological state
pro - nutrition, hydrtion, exercise
con - Rumination substance abuse, conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Reducing prejudice and stigma

A

Education intergroup content, social media, laws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Social identity theory

A

Tendency for people to favour their in group over their outgroup and enhance their self esteem
can encourage prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Social loafing

A

reduction in effort due to the belief that others will do it for them (in a group)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Milgrams obedience experiment

A

participants believed they were shocking another individual when told by authority figure
voltage served as a measure of obedience
many participants administered shocks to a lethal level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Conformity

A

Adjusting one’s thoughts feelings or behaviours to match those aorund them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Group think

A

Making a decision where the fact that the group agrees rules over analysing whether its a good idea or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Group shift

A

A condition in which the influence of the group causes an individual to adopt a more extreme position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Asch’s conormity study

A

level of conformity was measured by extent to which participants measured their answers to their peers
participant alwasy seated at second last seat
answers were given out loud

31
Q

Technological determinism

A

Technology determines change in culture

32
Q

Social connection

A

network of people available for support and engagement

33
Q

Social connection pros and cons

A

Individual -
pro - support, social connection
cons - pressure to stsy connected
Group -
Pro - form communities
cons - conformity in bullying

34
Q

Social comparison

A

Self worth based on others around them

35
Q

Social comparison pros and consAddictive behaviours

A

Behaviours that are associated with a dependence upon a particular stimulus

36
Q

Attentional bias
(addiction)

A

some ones attention becomes distracted when the eaddictive stimuli is present

37
Q

Self determination

A

Doing behaviour with the influence of others

38
Q

Self determination theory

A

Self determination is met when autonomy, competence and relatedness are met

39
Q

Reactance

A

motivational state of distress and resistance because they wanna have freedom after its been removed

40
Q

Individuation

A

When an individuals contributions to a group are noticeable

41
Q

Deviant subgroups

A

groups that hold values outside of the norm in society

42
Q

Attention

A

Focus on something in particular while simultaneously ignoring other information

43
Q

Sensory stimuli

A

raw pieces of info that are detected by the five senses

44
Q

Sensation

A

Process of recieving and detecting raw sensory stimuli via sensory organs and sending it to the brain

45
Q

Perception

A

Process of selecting organising and interpreeting sensory information

46
Q

Salient

A

distinctive, prominent or important

47
Q

Feature detectors

A

Specialised cells along the neural pathway connecting to and found within the primary visual cortex

48
Q

Gustatory perception

A

process of becoming consciously aware of flavour

49
Q

Tastants

A

Senspry stimuli recieved in the form of chemical molecules that can be tasted

50
Q

Five basic flavours

A

sweet, slaty, sour, bitter, unami (savoury delciiousness?)

51
Q

Bottum up and top down processing

A

bu - specific to broad
td - broa to specific

52
Q

Schemas

A

collection of basic knowledge about a concept or stimuli

53
Q

Photo receptors

A

Sensory receptors of the eye which recieve light and convert this sensory information into a form that can be sent to teh brain

54
Q

Rods

A

Allow someone to see in low levels of light

55
Q

Cones

A

Allows someone to see colour and details in well lit conditions

56
Q

Visual activity

A

level of detail and clarity of vision

57
Q

Refractory errors

A

Defects in teh eye causing it to not bend light resulting in reduced visual activity

58
Q

Myopia

A

Short-sightedness due to teh focal point of one or both eyes being located in front of instead of on the retina

59
Q

Depth cues

A

isual cues that allow someone to percieve the world in three dimensions and judge the distance and position of their environment

60
Q

Monocular depth cues

A

rely on visual info from one eye
accomodation
motion parallax
pictorial depth cues

61
Q

Accomodation (depth cue)

A

lens bulging and flattening according to how far away an object is

62
Q

Motion parallax (depth cue)

A

the less objects in our visual field move, the further they are away from us

63
Q

Pictorial depth cues

A

relative size
height in visual field
linear perspective
interposition
texture gradient

64
Q

Binocular depth cues

A

rely on visual info from both eyes
retinal disparity
convergence

65
Q

Retinal disparity (depth cue)

A

hold finger too close then it goes blurry
difference in images from each eye

66
Q

Convergence (depth cue)

A

muscle strain on eyes

67
Q

Gestalt principles

A

proximity - group items when they’re close
similarity - group parts that are similar
figure-ground - see some figure as being in front of the image
closure - brains ability to mentally complete images

68
Q

Visual constancies

A

stay same even though they look different
size
shape
brightness

69
Q

perceptual set

A

predisposition to percieve certain features of sensory stimuli and ignore other features that are deemed irrelevant

70
Q

Age affecting gustatory

A

sensation of flavours becomes less
decline in tatse buds

71
Q

Agnosia

A

a disorder involving the loss or impairement of the ability to recognise familier stimuli through the use of one or more senses, despite the senses functioning normally

72
Q

synaesthesia

A

perceptual phenomenon characterised by the experience of unusual perception in one sesnory after another sensory system has been activated

73
Q

SPatial neglect

A

inability to percieve report or orient sensory info located within one side of space

11 Psychology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions