Chapter 8 A&B essay revision

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

Process of recieving and detecting raw sensory stimuli via sensory organs and sending this information to the brain

Question 2

Sensation - reception

Answer 2

Sensory information is first recieved

Question 3

Sensation - Transduction

Answer 3

Information is converted into a neural impulse

Question 4

Sensation - Transmission

Answer 4

Information is sent to the brain for perceptual processing

Question 5

Perception

Answer 5

Process of selecting, organising and interpreting sensory information - being consciously aware

Question 6

Perception - Selection

Answer 6

Certain sensory stimuli or their features are attended, and other features are ignored

Question 7

Perception - Organisation

Answer 7

Selected features of sensory stimuli are regrouped so that they are cohesively arranged

Question 8

Perception - Interpretation

Answer 8

Now organised sensory information is understood in a way that depends on the meaning that is assigned to it

Question 9

Gestalt principles

Answer 9

Proximity, Similarity, figure-groud, closure

Question 10

Gestalt - Similarity

Answer 10

tendency to group parts of an image that are similar in some way
can be similar in shape, size, colour etc

Question 11

Gestalt - Closure

Answer 11

Brains ability to mentally complete images that are otherwise incomplete
filling in empty spaces of an incomplete picture to create a whole

Question 12

Pictorial depth cues

Answer 12

Relative size, height in visual field, linear perspective, interposition, texture gradient

Question 13

Linear perspective

Answer 13

Parallel lines that gradually go togther as they recede to the distance but are seperated up close

Question 14

Interposition

Answer 14

When objects overlap and we percieve the object that is covered as being further away

Question 15

Visual constancies

Answer 15

Ability to percieve visual objects as staying the same, even though they may appear to change or do change

Question 16

Shape constancy

Answer 16

Looking at someone from a different angle, may appear difference. Shape constancy means we know that it has not changed but only our perception has

Question 17

Size constancy

Answer 17

as you go further away, the object takes up less room in your visual feild, we can still percieve them as their realistic size

Question 18

Perceptual set

Answer 18

A predisposition to percieve certain features of sensory stimuli and ignore other features that are deemed irrelevant

Question 19

Cultural factors

Answer 19

How a person’s culture influences the way they see the world