semester 2 exam Flashcards by berkley brooks

number of cells in eubacteria

unicellular

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

explain how embryology is used to support the concept of chordates having a common ancestor

chordates develop as embryos in a similar manner

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what type of cells undergo meiosis

sperm and eggs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

significance of alexander flemming

antibiotic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define autotroph

makes its own food

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cell nucleus in archaebacteria

absent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

example of archaebacteria

methanogen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

significance of gregor mendel

pea plants

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

name 2 reasons that bacteria are necessary to ecosystems

nitrogen and carbon cycles to recycle nitrogen and carbon back into the environment
assist in the digestion inside of organisms

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

symptoms of a viral infection

low WBC
low grade fever
ache
soreness
fatigue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cell wall composition in archaebacteria

pseudomurien

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the first, second, and third lines of defense in your body

first- skin, mucus in nose, acid in stomach
second- macrophages to eat invaders
third- antibodies for memory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define evolution

a populations genes change over time

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

smiley faces for..
commensalism
parasitism
predation
mutualism 
competition 
neutralism

\:) :|
\:) X(
\:) X(
\:) :)
\:( :(
\:| :|

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

number of cells in archaebacteria

unicellular

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

whats the difference between primary and secondary succession

secondary succession has soil still in tack

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

after the sperm and egg join, whats the name of the new cell that is formed

zygote

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

auto/hetero in eubacteria

auto and hetero

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define homologous structures

same structures, different functions

ex: hands and fins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

where do the sperm and egg meet in the females body

fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

name 5 differences between meiosis and mitosis

meiosis has 2 divisions, mitosis has 1 division
meiosis creates gametes, mitosis creates body cells
meiosis has tetrads in metaphase 1, mitosis has no tetrads
meiosis has 4 daughter cells, mitosis has 2 daughter cells
meiosis creates haploid cells, mitosis creates diploid cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cell type of archaebacteria

prokaryote

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

function of helper t cells

calls for immune system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

location of mRNA in a cell

nucleus and cytoplasm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

location of rRNA in a cell

ribosomes and cytoplasm

describe lytic cycle reproduction and give an example

takes over cell and explodes (common cold)

function of antibody

tag invaders

what does HIV stand for

human immunodeficiency virus

cell type of eubacteria

prokaryote

location of tRNA in a cell

cytoplasm

what is the significance of a mutation taking place in a chromosome

mutations alter genes, no proteins made

function of bladder (human)

stores urine

how is a virus like a living cell

made of CHON

what is the role of DNA

code for synthesis proteins

5 pieces of evidence used to support the theory of evolution

- fossils - biogeography - anatomy - phyiology - embryology

cell wall in eubacteria

present

function of uterus (human)

where baby develops

function of interphase G1

protein synthesis

cell wall composition in eubacteria

peptidoglycan

define biogeography

use of life on landmasses

what type of cells undergo mitosis

somatic cells

list steps of TRANSLATION

- mRNA attaches to ribosome - mRNA codon matches tRNA anticodon - amino acid is deposited - peptide bond is formed - continues until stop codon

significance of charles darwin

natural selection

define analogous structures

same functions, different structures | ex: bat wing and bird wing

list steps of TRANSCRIPTION

- DNA unwinds and unzips - mRNA complements DNA - mRNA leaves nucleus - DNA reattaches

significance of reginald punnett

predict genetic outcomes

function of macrophage

big eaters

place these terms in order from smallest to largest | nucleotide, nitrogen base, chromatid, tetrad, nitrogen, gene, chromosome

nitrogen, nitrogen base, nucleotide, gene, chromatid, chromosome, tetrad

auto/heter in archaebacteria

auto and heter

in what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place

interphase S

define heterotroph

cannot make its own food

significance of edward jenner

vaccine

what are 2 common bacterial infections

strep throat staph tetanus

what type of cell does HIV attack and what are the consequences

HIV attaches to helper T cells which shuts down immune system communication

describe lysogenic reproduction and give an example

joins with host DNA (herpes)

place the classification groups in order from most specific to most broad

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

examples of eubacteria

e. coli

name three biomolecules that all organisms have in common

- nucleic acids - carbs - proteins

function of ovary (human)

makes eggs

what components make up a strand of DNA

sugar/phosphate/nitrogenous base

significance of carl linneaus

taxonomy

domain of eubacteria

bacteria

in which phase of the cell cycle does protein synthesis take place

interphase G1

function of human immune system

protect human body from invasion

cell wall in archaebacteria

present

significance of biogeography on genetic drift

to show which continents were connected

function of vas deferens (human)

transports sperm

domain of archaebacteria

archae

what is a speciation event

an event that causes or results in genetic change

what are vaccines

weakened or dead virus

cell nucleus in eubacteria

absent

describe retrovirus reproduction and give an example

reverse transcriptase (HIV)

define decomposer

heterotroph that breaks down organic matter

describe the 2 transport vessels found in plants

xylem- transports water up | phloem- transports sugar down

what level of classification group constitutes organisms that CAN reproduce successfully

species

define taxonomy

study of classification so that scientists have a common language

function of interphase S

DNA replication

what information can you get from a karyotype (2)

gender | chromosomal abnormalities

what two parts of the flower don't affect reproduction

peduncle and sepal

function of testes

makes sperm

how can you get rid of a bacterial infection

antibiotics

function of epididymis (human)

where sperm matures

what is cancer

uncontrolled cell division

how is cancer related to mitosis

mitosis is the process of dividing cells, cancer is when cells divide too rapidly

what happens is prophase

spindle forms and chromosomes become visible

what happens in metaphase

chromosomes line up along the equator

what happens in anaphase

chromatids move to opposite poles

what happens in telophase

chromosomes meet edge of poles and unwind

what happens in cytokinesis

cytoplasm divides

what do viruses need in order to survive

a host

crossing over occurs in which phase

metaphase 1