semester 1 study guide

Question 1

the first african american us senator

Answer 1

hiram revels

Question 2

president whose administration was plagued with scadal

Answer 2

ulysses s. grant

Question 3

union general who promised freed slaves who followed his army “40 acres and a mule”

Answer 3

william t. sherman

Question 4

president who favored the lenient ten-percent plan for reconstruction

Answer 4

abraham lincoln

Question 5

president who vetoed important civil rights and reconstruction legislation

Answer 5

andrew johnson

Question 6

house representative who was the leader of the radical republicans

Answer 6

thaddeus stevens

Question 7

republican who became president in 1876 through a deal between party leaders

Answer 7

rutherord b. hayes

Question 8

democratic candidate for president in 1876 who won the popular vote but lost the election

Answer 8

samuel j. tilden

Question 9

secretary of war whose firing led to andrew johnson’s impeachment

Answer 9

edwin stanton

Question 10

this is what southern democrats managed to achieve after the 1876 election. it allowed them to restrict african american rights, cut taxes, and wipe out social programs

Answer 10

home rule

Question 11

during reconstruction, this white supremacist group committed acts of violence against african americans to keep them from participating in politics and achieving economic progress

Answer 11

ku klux klan

Question 12

this allowed many former confederates to vote and hold elective office

Answer 12

amnesty act

Question 13

democrats used this term to describe their return to power in the south

Answer 13

redemption

Question 14

although this man was considered honest, many of the people he appointed to office were dishonest and corrupt

Answer 14

ulysses s. grant

Question 15

as the democratic candidate for president in the 1876 election, this man won the popular vote but failed to gain the presidency

Answer 15

samuel j. tilden

Question 16

the power of this group was severely weakened by its ties to political corruption, severe economic problems, and decisions handed down by the supreme court in the 1870s. this group strongly supported reconstruction

Answer 16

radical republicans

Question 17

this led to economic depression and disputes over currency policies

Answer 17

panic of 1837

Question 18

democrats and republicans in congress agreed to this, which decided the outcome of a presidential election and effectively ended reconstruction in the south

Answer 18

compromise of 1877

Question 19

passed to provide a constitutional bases for the civil rights acts of 1866

Answer 19

14th amendment

Question 20

during reconstruction, the system of sharecropping was least beneficial to __

Answer 20

sharecroppers

Question 21

whose plan for reconstruction was aimed to punish confederate leaders

Answer 21

president andrew johnson

Question 22

this person could be described as a representative, northerner, and republican

Answer 22

thaddeus stevens

Question 23

this compromise signaled an end to reconstruction

Answer 23

compromise of 1877

Question 24

a state government that is run without federal intervention

Answer 24

home rule

Question 25

no one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement

Answer 25

15th amendment

Question 26

abraham lincoln’s main goal when the civil war began was to

Answer 26

restore the union

Question 27

main reason that lincoln didn’t respond to whit force to the confederate threat to attack fort sumter

Answer 27

didn’t want to anger republicans and slave states still in the union

Question 28

could resist burning, withstand cannon fire, could splinter wooden ships

Answer 28

ironclad ships

Question 29

to free slaves in union slave states

Answer 29

emancipation proclamation

Question 30

clara barton’s role in the civil war

Answer 30

nurse on the battlefield

Question 31

made all persons born or naturalized in the u.s. citizens of the nation

Answer 31

14th amendment

Question 32

wealthy landowners in the south supported which party during reconstruction

Answer 32

democratic party

Question 33

believed that the legislative branch of the federal government should be in charge of reconstruction

Answer 33

radical republicans

Question 34

didn’t support greater right for african americans in the south by vetoing the freedmen’s bureau act and civil rights act of 1866

Answer 34

president andrew johnson

Question 35

requirements for former confederate states under the reconstruction act of 1867

Answer 35

they would be divided into military districts headed by union generals, voters would elect delegates to draft new constitutions, had to ratify the 14th amendment to be readmitted to the union

Question 36

__ plan for reconstruction was lenient which Johnson largely followed

Answer 36

lincoln’s

Question 37

after the civil war, the republican governments in the south had difficulty because many _____ refused to accept equal rights for african americans

Answer 37

white southerners

Question 38

the federal government sent troops into the south to limit violence and voter intimidation against __

Answer 38

african americans

Question 39

an example of “redemption” during reconstruction

Answer 39

a state government had been under republican leadership for 12 years but then the democrats returned to power or “redeemed” the state

Question 40

the union’s three part plan to conquer the south

Answer 40

blockading southern ports, capturing the confederate capital, splitting the confederacy in two

Question 41

the last time the south invaded the north, a battle with heavy casualties on both sides, a devastating defeat for the confederates

Answer 41

the battle of gettysburg

Question 42

targeted not only the confederate army but also the civilian popuation of the south

Answer 42

grant and Sherman’s strategy of total war

Question 43

suspended the writ of habeas corpus to deal with dissent in the union states

Answer 43

lincoln

Question 44

during the war, what contributed to food shortage in the south

Answer 44

the drain of manpower into the army, union occupation of food-growing areas, the loss of slaves to work in the fields

Question 45

congressional leader of the radical republicans

Answer 45

thaddeus stevens

Question 46

what increased during reconstruction in the south

Answer 46

taxes, public works program, populations of towns and cities

Question 47

New york tribune editor who ran against grant in the 1872 presidential election

Answer 47

horace greeley

Question 48

the south had one major advantage over the north in the civil war

Answer 48

military leadership

Question 49

abolished slavery in the north and gave moral purpose to the war

Answer 49

emancipation proclamation

Question 50

considered a turning point in the civil war because it made the south give up on the idea of invading the north

Answer 50

battle of gettysburg

Question 51

important because it advanced the union plan to spit the confederacy along the mississippi river

Answer 51

david farragut’s victory in april 1862

Question 52

african americans while serving in the union army

Answer 52

faced discrimination, lower pay, and higher mortality rate

Question 53

__ victories in the south helped lincoln win reelection in 1864

Answer 53

union

Question 54

became grant’s focus because it was one of only two confederate holdouts preventing the union from taking complete control of the Mississippi river

Answer 54

vicksburg