Ch 14 Flashcards
attempted to form such an industrial union-the American Railroad union (ARU)
eugene v. debs
invented the typewriter in 1867
christopher sholes
established standard oil company, joined with competing companies in trust agreements
john d. rockefeller
1876-became a pioneer on the industrial frontier when he established the world’s first research lab in Menlo Park, NJ
-there he perfected the incandescent light bulb-patented in 1880-and later invented an entire system for producing and distributing electrical power
thomas alva edison
- most prominent organizer in women’s movement
- supported great strike of 1877
- organized for union mine workers of america
- nicknamed mother jones
- 1903, led 80 mill children with injuries on a march to theodore roosevelt-later influenced passage of child labor laws
mary harris jones
built a factory for manufacturing sleepers and other railroad cars; built a luxurious town for employees, but workers rebelled in a strike when he cut pay and didn’t lower rent costs in 1894
george m. pullman
unveiled the telephone with thomas watson in 1876
alexander graham bell
- came to America in 1848
- the first industrial mongul to make his own fortune
- rags to riches story and passion for charity made him a model of the american success story
andrew carnegie
developed bessemer process around 1850
by 1880-this method was used to produce more than 90% of the nation’s steel
henry bessemer
1859, successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil near titusville, pennsylvania
-this idea became practical
edwin l. drake
an organization or company managed by trustees; a large company that has or attempts to gain monopolistic control of a market
trust
exclusive legal control of a commercial activity
monopoly
a labor organization for unskilled workers formed by a group of radical unionists and socialists in 1905
industrial workers of the world
a corporation that did nothing but buy out the stock of other companies
holding company
an economic and social philosophy-supposedly based on the biologist charles darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection-holding that a system of unrestrained competition will ensure the survival of the fittest
social darwinism
company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product
vertical integration
a law, enacted in 1890, that was intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade
sherman antitrust act
an alliance of trade and craft union, formed in 1886
american federation of labor
why was pulman, illinois so unique
it was firmly under company control, built to house employees
there was a strike in 1894 after george pullman cut payments and didn’t lower rent
what did social darwinism discourage
government regulation
what happened in the triangle shirtwaist factory
146 female workers died in a fire because they had no way to escape
why were scabs unpopular during the late 1800s
they were workers used to break strikes
what made skyscrapers possible
elevators, invention of steel
what did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce
competition
