Semester 1 Review Flashcards
Indentured Servants
- worked off payment to New World
- promised land after term worked off
Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
- Virginians rose up due to lack of protection from Native Americans
- led to restructuring governemtn
Pilgrims
- moved to New England for religious freedom
- seperatists
Mayflower Compact (1620)
-structured government of New England colony
John Winthrop - Arbella (1630)
-“City Upon a Hill”
Anne Hutchinson (1630s)
-banned from Massachusetts to Rhode Island for views of women’s rights in worship
Great Awakening (1730s)
- religious revival
- George Whitefield
Proclamation of 1763
- ended Salutary Neglect
- colonists couldn’t settle west of Appalachians
Navigation Acts
-attempt to implement mercantilism in colonies
Sugar Act (1764)
-tax on sugar for colonies
Stamp Act (1765)
- very unpopular in colonies
- Stamp Act Congress
- eventually repealed
Sons of Liberty
-formed after Stamp Act by Sam Adams
Tea Act (1773)
-unpopular in colonies, led to Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea Party
- colonists dumped millions of dollars of tea in harbor
- organized by Sons of Liberty
- led to Coercive Acts
Coercive/Intolerable Acts (1774)
-closed Boston Port until colony payed off the tea they dumped
Quartering Act (1774)
-colonists had to house British Soldiers
Townshend Acts (1767)
-attempt to raise revenue from colonies
Boston Massacre (1770)
-colonists antagonized British troops, troops shot at them
Common Sense
- Thomas Paine
- structured argument for Declaration
John Locke
- European philosopher
- rights of man
Second Continental Congress (1775)
- organized for war
- drafted Declaration of Independence
Lexington + Concord (1775)
-first battle of Revolutionary War
Saratoga (1777)
-ended British attempt to unite forces from Canada and New York
Yorktown (1781)
-decisive U.S. victory, effectively ended war
Treaty of Paris (1783)
- ended Revolutionary War
- recognized U.S. independence
- British would pull of of U.S.
- U.S. would return seized property to Loyalists
Weaknesses of Articles of Confederaton
- couldn’t tax
- held very little power over the states
- very hard to get things passed
Northwest Ordinances(1786)
-determined how new territories would be added as a state
Shay’s Rebellion (1787)
- farmers rose up, federal government could do nothing to end it
- revealed weakness of Federal government
Constitutional Convention (1787)
-met in Philadelphia to discuss revisions for Articles, ended up writing new government
3/5 Compromise
-when determining representation, slaves would count as 3/5
NJ Plan
-each state gets 2 reps
VA Plan
-reps based off population
CN/Great Compromise
- bicameral legislature
- house of reps is lower house, by population
Electoral College (senate, president)
-no direct elections of senators or presidents
Federalists
- Hamilton
- ties with England
- expanded federal government
- focus on industry
Republicans
- TJ
- ties with France
- small federal government
- focus on agriculture
Bill of Rights
- rights guaranteed to everyone
- created so constitution would pass
Republican Motherhood
-mothers’ duty to raised children to be good citizens
Tecumseh and Tenkswatawa
-Native American leaders, attempt to unite them
Washington’s Precedents
- 2 term
- Mr. President
Hamilton’s Funding + Assumption
- federal government would assume all state debt
- government would give money to any current bond holders
Loose v. Strict interpretation
-debate over elastic clause, use of implied powers
Whiskey Rebellion (1791)
- farmers protested taxes
- GW put down rebellion himself
Washington’s Farewell Address
-warned against agreements with other nations
Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)
-U.S. neutral between GB and France
Citizen Genet Affair (1793)
-French diplomat, tried to organize American attacks on British
Jay’s Treaty (1794)
- Britain vacated forts in U.S.
- U.S. agreed to mostly trade with GB
- established Northeast boundary
Pinckney Treaty (1795)
-established U.S. and Florida border
Alien + Sedition Acts (1798)
-people couldn’t criticize the government
VA + Kentucky Resolutions (1798)
-argued states had right to nullify federal law
Midnight Judges (1800)
- John Adams appointed many judges in his final days in office
- Chief Justice John Marshall
Revolution of 1800
-peaceful shift in power to political parties
XYZ Affair (1797)
- French diplomats attempt to get a bribe from U.S.
- angered Americans, hurt relations
Jefferson’s Inaugural address
-uniting political parties
Marbury v Madison (1803)
-established principle of judicial review
Embargo Acts (1807)
-ended trade with GB and France when they didn’t respect U.S. shipping rights
