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Biology > Semester #1 Review > Flashcards

Semester #1 Review Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

List the traits to the “characteristics of life.”

A

Homeostasis, Organized of Cells, Growth, Stimulus Response, Energy required, Adapt to their enviorment, Reproduce, Die, Excrete, Require water

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1
Q

A(n) _______ organisms has only one cell to its structure.

A

unicellular

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2
Q

The center of an atom is the _________.

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

The Three Subatomic particles and their charges are …

A

protons (+) electrons (-) Neutron (o)

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4
Q

The bond formed by sharing electrons is ________.

A

covalent

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5
Q

An _________ has extra neutrons

A

isotope

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6
Q

Any substance that releases H+ in water is an _____.

A

acid

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7
Q

When a _____ dissolves into a ______ a solution is formed

A

solute, solvent

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8
Q

Nitrogen bonds _____ times

A

three

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9
Q

Any substane containing C is ______.

A

Organic

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10
Q

The functional group with the letters -COOH is called the _________ group.

A

Carboxyl

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11
Q

The process of combining two monomers is called __________.

A

dehydration reaction

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12
Q

The macromolecule group with a formula of CH20 is _________.

A

Carbohydrate

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13
Q

The monomers of proteins are ________.

A

amino acids

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14
Q

The molecule that interacts with an enzyme is the _________.

A

substrates

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15
Q

Two molecules with the same formula but different shapes are ______.

A

isomers

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16
Q

The monomer components of sucrose are _____ and _____.

A

glucose, fructose

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17
Q

_________ is the carbohydrate used to store glucose in animals blood.

A

Glycogen

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18
Q

_________ fats are liquid at room temperature and store energy in plants.

A

Unsaturated

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19
Q

The _________ and _________ make up the cytoskeleton.

A

microfilaments, microtubules

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20
Q

A _________ cell lacks a true nucleus.

A

prokaryote

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21
Q

The _________ provides turgor pressure in a plant cell.

A

central vacuole

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22
Q

The ________ does photosynthesis which take in light, ____ and ____.

A

chloroplast, CO2, H20

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23
Q

The intake of large bulk molecules by engulfing is .. _________.

A

endocyctosis

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24
Q

____ microscopes are great at looking at the surface of cells, but will kill the specimen

A

SEM

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25
Q

_________ microscopes are instead used to study cells in our class

A

compoud light

26
Q

The _________ are lenses of the microscope closer to the specimen

A

objective

27
Q

________ has two outer membranes and provides cell energy

A

mitochondria

28
Q

________ and ______ are the main parts to the membrane

A

phospholipids, proteins

29
Q

DNA is packaged into 46 tight packages called _______.

A

choromosomes

30
Q

Body cells are called _______ cells.

A

somatic

31
Q

________ are the thought to be the substitute cytoskeleton.

A

Asters

32
Q

The steps of mitosis are –

A

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

33
Q

In mitosis the centromere split during _______.

A

Anaphase

34
Q

The ________ are microtubules that move chromosomes

A

spindle fibers

35
Q

Choromosomes come in pairs called ________.

A

homologous

36
Q

Seperating the tetrad ocurs during ________.

A

Anaphase 1 of meiosis

37
Q

A chromosome that is not a sex chromosme is called an ________.

A

autosome

38
Q

A _______ cell has 23 pairs of choromosmes, while a ______ has just 23

A

diploid, haploid

39
Q

________________ was the Father of Genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

40
Q

If two heterozygote tall plants mate __% of their offspring will probably be tall.

A

75

41
Q

One’s physical appearance is called their ___________.

A

phenotype

42
Q

A _______________ allele is hidden by them dominant allele.

A

recessive

43
Q

Name an example of a codominant trait–

A

AB blood, speckled chicken

44
Q

The genotype of some one with O blood is ___

A

ii

45
Q

If two pink snapdragons mate ___% of their offspring will be red

A

25

46
Q

The law of ________ states when a particular gene in the gene pair for one trait to be passed to the offspring has nothing to do with selection of the gene for any other trait.

A

independant assortment

47
Q

Blood type is controlled by ___ alleles

A

3

48
Q

A trait that is affected by mane genes and many proteins is called ____________.

A

polygenic

49
Q

_________ is the disease with lung problems due to broken membrane protein.

A

cystic fibrosis

50
Q

DNA’s full name is ____________.

A

Deoxyribos nucleic acid

51
Q

This enzyme used to replicate DNA is ________.

A

DNA polymerase

52
Q

Name the start codon

A

AUG

53
Q

A _______ is three nucleotides that code for one ________.

A

codon, amino acid

54
Q

A region of DNA that codes for 1 protein is a _____.

A

gene

55
Q

The process where RNA is made is _______.

A

transcription

56
Q

A _________ mutation is due to the misreading of the codons with the loss of a base.

A

frame shift

57
Q

______ carries amino aids to the ribosome

A

tRNA

58
Q

___________ syndrome is when you have only 1 X for a sex chromosome

A

Turner’s

59
Q

___________ or changes in you DNA can be caused by the sun.

A

cancer

60
Q

Excessive ________ fats in your diet can lead to heart disease

A

saturated

61
Q

The ____ of house cleaners can burn your skin.

A

base

62
Q

_________ are inherited cause of cancer

A

Oncogenes

63
Q

The HLA tags attatched to a cell’s _______ can cause the rejection of a transplant.

A

membrane

Biology (13 decks)

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