EXAM #1: BioChem

Question 0

Solvent

Answer 0

Substance in a dilution that dissolves the other substance and is present in the greater amount

Question 1

Mixture

Answer 1

Two or more substances physically combined, where it’s parts can be seperated

Question 2

Polar molecule

Answer 2

Molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electric charges

Question 3

Hydroxide ion

Answer 3

The positively charged ion of hydrogen, H+, formed by removal of the electron from atomic hydrogen and found in all aqueous solutions of acids.

Question 4

Organic molecule

Answer 4

Carbon based molecule

Question 5

Functional groups

Answer 5

Group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable way with other molecules

Question 6

Monomer

Answer 6

Small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule

Question 7

Dehydration reaction

Answer 7

An elimination reaction in which the small molecule removed is water

Question 8

Monosaccharide

Answer 8

Sugar containing one sugar unit

Question 9

Glucose

Answer 9

sugar isomer of fructose

Question 10

cellulose

Answer 10

polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls

Question 11

lipid

Answer 11

one of a class of water-avoiding compounds

Question 12

sterol

Answer 12

are a subgroup of the steroids and an important class of organic molecules.

Question 13

protein

Answer 13

polymer constructed from a set of 20 amino acid monomers

Question 14

polypeptide

Answer 14

chain of linked amino acids

Question 15

active site

Answer 15

region of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits

Question 16

solution

Answer 16

uniform mixture of two or more substances

Question 17

dilute

Answer 17

make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.

Question 18

acid

Answer 18

compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measure less than 7 on the pH scale

Question 19

pH

Answer 19

a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

Question 20

inorganic

Answer 20

those that lack carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Question 21

Carboxyl(ic acid)

Answer 21

organic compounds (hydrocarbons) that contain the element oxygen.

Question 22

HONC

Answer 22

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon

Question 23

hydrolysis

Answer 23

a reaction involving the breaking of a bond in a molecule using water.

Question 24

disaccharide

Answer 24

sugar with two monosaccharides

Question 25

fructose

Answer 25

fruit sugar

Question 26

glycogen

Answer 26

polysaccharide in animal cells that consist of many glucose monomers

Question 27

saturated fatty acid

Answer 27

Saturated fatty acids are fats that contain no double bonds between the carbon atoms, so it is saturated with hydrogen.

Question 28

glycerol

Answer 28

an odorless, colorless, syrupy liquid, CH(OH), prepared by the hydrolysis of fats and oils: it is used as a solvent, skin lotion, food preservative, etc.

Question 29

peptide bond

Answer 29

The chemical bond formed between the carboxyl groups and amino groups of neighboring amino acids, constituting the primary linkage of all protein structures.

Question 30

substrate

Answer 30

the substance acted upon by an enzyme