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AP Psychology > Semester 1 FRQ Review > Flashcards

Semester 1 FRQ Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Independent Variable

A

What is being studied/changed in an experiment

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2
Q

Dependent Variable

A

What is being measured in an experiment

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3
Q

Control Group

A

Base of comparison that has not been effected by IV

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4
Q

Experimental Group

A

group being tested with IV

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5
Q

confounding variables

A

other variables that effect the experiment

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6
Q

double blind experiment

A

both the experimenter and subjects are unaware of which group they are assigned to and what is being studied to prevent bias

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7
Q

single blind experiment

A

the subject is unaware of which group they are a part of to prevent bias

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8
Q

confidentiality

A

the identity of the subject must remain secret

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9
Q

debriefing

A

experiment is explained to subject after they are tested

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10
Q

statistical significance

A

results are not due to chance

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11
Q

positive correlation

A

variables have direct influence on each other

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12
Q

negative correlation

A

variables have an indirect influence on each other

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13
Q

illusory correlation

A

seeing correlation when there really isn’t any

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14
Q

structuralism

A

introspection and focus on the structure of the mind

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15
Q

functionalism

A

focus on purpose of behaviors

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16
Q

psychoanalytic/dynamic

A

behavior from childhood unconsciously influences our present behavior

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17
Q

behavioral

A

behavior is learned and reinforced

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18
Q

humanistic

A

behavior is influenced by free will, choice, ideals, and actualization

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19
Q

cognitive

A

behavior is influenced by perception and thoughts

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20
Q

evolutionary

A

behavior is influenced by genes

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21
Q

biological

A

behavior is influenced by brain and neurotransmitters

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22
Q

sociocultural

A

behavior is influenced by society

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23
Q

biopsychosocial

A

behavior is influenced by society and biology

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24
Q

selective attention

A

focusing on one form of sensory input and dismissing another (or all others)

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25
Q

positive reinforcement

A

adding a pleasurable stimulus to reinforce a behavior

26
Q

negative reinforcement

A

removing an unpleasurable stimulus to reinforce a behavior

27
Q

positive punishment

A

adding an unpleasurable stimulus to decrease a certain behavior

28
Q

negative punishment

A

removing a pleasurable stimulus to decrease a certain behavior

29
Q

fixed-ratio schedule

A

behavior is reinforced after a certain number of behaviors has occured

30
Q

variable-ratio schedule

A

behavior is reinforced after a random number of behaviors have occured

31
Q

fixed-interval schedule

A

behavior is reinforced after a certain amount of time has passed

32
Q

learned helplessness

A

after facing continuous negative situations one gives up even when they can escape the situation

33
Q

external locus of control

A

belief that things are outside of your control

34
Q

internal locus of control

A

belief that you control things

35
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

36
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems

37
Q

Autonomic NS

A

involuntary movement

38
Q

somatic NS

A

voluntary movement

39
Q

hindbrain

A

oldest part of the brain

40
Q

cerebellum

A

movement and balance

41
Q

medulla

A

homeostatic control of vital organs

42
Q

pons

A

sleep and arousal

43
Q

forebrain

A

higher thought processes

44
Q

amygdala

A

fear and emotions

45
Q

hippocampus

A

memory

46
Q

hypothalamus

A

reward and pleasure center, eating behaviors

47
Q

thalamus

A

relays sensory information (except for smell)

48
Q

cerebral cortex

A

outer portion of the brain responsible for higher thought processes

49
Q

occpital lobe

A

vision

50
Q

parietal lobe

A

touch, sensations

51
Q

frontal lobe

A

personality, decision making, planning, judgement

52
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing and facial recognition

53
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

map of our sensory cortex in parietal lobe

54
Q

motor cortex

A

map of our motor receptors in frontal lobe

55
Q

wernicke’s area

A

understanding what we are saying

56
Q

broca’s area

A

ability to speak

57
Q

corpus callosum

A

bundle of nerves between hemisphere that connect them

58
Q

circadian rhythm

A

24 hour biological clock for temperature, sleep, heartbeat

59
Q

framing

A

the way a question is posed can influence the response

60
Q

functional fixedness

A

inability to use an object in another way than it is typically used.

61
Q

confirmation bias

A

tendency of an individual to search for things that support their belief but dismiss things that counter it

AP Psychology (5 decks)

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