Semester 1 Final Study Guide Third Page Flash Cards:
Election of 1800 significance?
- Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie
- Election goes to the House of Representatives
- They chose -> Thomas Jefferson
- Burr became the Vice President
- The 12th Amendment was created: Revises how the president and vice president are elected
- Embargo Act of 1807: Prohibited US ships from trading all foreign ports
- More Manufacturing
- It marked the first peaceful transfer of power between political parties in U.S. from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans.
What did Marbury v. Madison create?
Marbury v. Madison (1803) was a landmark Supreme Court case in which Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of judicial review, granting the Supreme Court the power to declare laws unconstitutional.
- Established the Judicial Review
- Madison was one judge who did not get their commission
What was Washington’s view on political parties?
- Washington believed that political parties would divide and destroy the young United States
What is the Judicial Review?
The power of courts to examine the actions of the legislative, executive, and administrative branches of government and determine whether they are consistent with the constitution.
What is the “Legislative Branch?”
The legislative branch, also known as Congress, is responsible for making laws. It is composed of two chambers – the House of Representatives and the Senate – and is responsible for representing the people of the United States.
What is the “Executive Branch?”
The executive branch is responsible for enforcing the laws passed by Congress. It is composed of the president, vice president, and the various departments and agencies that make up the federal government.
What is the “Judicial Branch?”
The judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring that they are applied fairly and consistently. It is composed of the Supreme Court, as well as the lower federal courts.
What is the separation of powers?
Separation of powers is a fundamental principle in political science and constitutional law that divides the responsibilities of government into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.
What does the Supreme Court do?
- The supreme court ensures a balance of power within the federal government.
- Tells if constitutional or unconstitutional.
What group prevented British Victory in the South?
Was primarily the American guerilla troops.
- Their hit-and-run tactics and knowledge of the local terrain were crucial in weakening British forces and contributing to the eventual American victory in the South.
What happened at the Battle of Saratoga?
- The Battle of Saratoga was fought on September 19th 1777.
- Was a crucial turning point in the American Revolutionary war.
- Also called, “The battle of freeman’s farm.”
- General John Burgoyne attacked the american force under General Horatio Gates.
2: The Americans reinforced and strengthened, launched a counterattack against British forces -> British were then forced to retreat and Burgoyne’s army was surrounded.
