Semantic Flashcards
compositional meaning
the meaning of a phrasal expression that is predictable from the meaning of smaller expression it contains and how they are syntactically combined
dictionary style
defines words in terms of others woks but that also reflects the way speakers of a language really use that word.
hyponymy
a meaning relationship between words where the reference of some word X is included in the reference of some other word Y. X is then said to be a hyponym of Y, and conversely, Y is said to be a hypernym
hypernym (see hyponymy)
a meaning relationship between words where the reference of some word X is included in the reference of some other word Y. X is then said to be a hyponym of Y, and conversely, Y is said to be a hypernym
complementary antonyms
pair of antonyms such the everything must be described be the first word, the second word, or neither; and such that saying of something that it is not member of the set denoted by the first worked implicates that it is in the set devoted by the second word
converse
antonyms in which the first word of the pair suggest a point of view opposite to that of the second word.
incompatible
the relationship between two propositions where it is impossible for both of them to be true simultaneously
interactive adjectives
an adjective whose reference is determined independently from the reference of the noun that is modifies
anti-intersection adjectives
an adjective whose referents are nor in the set referred to by the nun that it modifies
idioms
a multi word lexical expression whose meaning is not compositional
compositional semantics
a subfield of semantics that studies the meaning of phrasal expression and how those meaning arise given the meaning of the lexical expression they contain and how they are syntactically combined
semantic
the study of linguistic meaning
lexical expression
a linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon single worked expression and idioms
sense
a mental representation of an expressions meaning
reference
a component of linguistic meaning that relates the sense of the same expression to entities in the outside world, the collection of all the referents of an expression
mental image
a conception of a words sense as a picture in the mind if the language user that represents its meaning
usage based
a characterization of a works sense based on the way that the word is used based speakers of a languages
sister term
words that in term of their reference are at the same level in the hierarchy i,e have exactly the same hypernyms
synonymy
a meaning relationship between words where their reference is exactly the same. for example couch and sofa are synonyms
antonymy
a meaning relationship between weeks where their meaning are in some sense opposite
gradable
words that are antonyms and senate opposite ends of a scale. also known as tradable pairs and as scalar antonyms
reverse
antonyms in which one word in the pari suggests movement that undoes the movement suggested by the others
proposition
the sense expressed by a sentence. characteristically proposition can be true of false i,e. have truth values
truth value
either true of false, the reference of a sentence
entailment
a relationship between propositions where a proportions p is said to entail another proposition q just in case if p is true, q has to be true as well
mutual entailment
the relationship between two propositions where ethyl entail one another
pure intersection
the relationship between the reference of an adjective and a noun it modifies such that each picks out a particular group of things and the reference of the resulting phrase is all o the things that are in both the reference set of the adjective and the reference set of the noun
subject adjectives
an adjective whose reference is included in the set of things that the noun it modifies refers to
non-intersection
an adjective whose reference is a subset the the noun it modifies refers to buy that does bot in and of itself refer to any particular set of things
