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L2 Anatomy > Sem 2 Week 1: Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Sem 2 Week 1: Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main action of the anterior compartment of the thigh? (2)

A
  • Extension of the leg at the knee joint
  • Flexion of the thigh at the hip joint
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2
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

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3
Q

What are the roots of the femoral nerve?

A

L2 - L4

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4
Q

Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh? (7)

A
  • Iliacus and psoas major (iliopsoas)
  • Sartorius
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
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5
Q

What are the quadratus femoris muscles? (4)

A
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
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6
Q

What is the origin of iliacus?

A

Iliac fossa

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7
Q

What is the origin of psoas major?

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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8
Q

What is the insertion of iliopsoas?

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

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9
Q

What is the action of iliopsoas?

A

Flexion of the thigh at the hip joint

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10
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris? (2)

A
  • Anterior-inferior iliac spine
  • Superior lip of the acetabulum
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11
Q

What is the insertion of of rectus femoris?

A

Common insertion onto the patella via the quadriceps tendon with the other quadriceps femoris muscles

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12
Q

What is the action of rectus femoris? (2)

A
  • Flexion of the thigh at the hip joint
  • Extension of the leg at the knee joint
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13
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis? (2)

A
  • Greater trochanter of the femur
  • Lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur
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14
Q

What is the insertion of vastus lateralis?

A

Common insertion onto the patella via the quadriceps tendon with the other quadriceps femoris muscles

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15
Q

What is the action of vastus lateralis?

A

Extension of the leg at the knee joint

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16
Q

What is the function of all the vastus muscles?

A

Extension of the leg at the knee joint

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17
Q

What is the origin of vastus medialis? (2)

A
  • Intertrochanteric line
  • Medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur
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18
Q

What is the insertion of vastus medialis?

A

Common insertion onto the patella via the quadriceps tendon with the other quadriceps femoris muscles

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19
Q

What is the action of vastus medialis?

A

Extension of the leg at the knee joint

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20
Q

What is the origin of vastus intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral shaft

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21
Q

What is the insertion of the vastus intermedius?

A

Common insertion onto the patella via the quadriceps tendon with the other quadriceps femoris muscles

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22
Q

What is the common insertion of the quadriceps femoris muscles?

A

Onto the patella via the quadriceps tendon

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23
Q

What is the action of vastus intermedius?

A

Extension of the leg at the knee joint

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24
Q

What is the origin of sartorius?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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25
What is the insertion of sartorius?
Superior medial surface of the tibia
26
What is the action of sartorius? (2)
- Flexion of the thigh at the hip joint - Flexion of the leg at the knee joint
27
What is the main action of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adduction of the thigh
28
Which nerve innervates the medial compartment of the thigh?
Obturator
29
What are the roots of the obturator nerve?
L2 - L4
30
Which muscles are in the medial compartment of the thigh? (6)
- Obturator externus - Pectineus - Adductor brevis - Adductor longus - Adductor magnus - Gracilis
31
What is the origin of gracilis?
Inferior pubic rami and body of the pubis
32
What is the insertion of gracilis?
Medial surface of the tibial shaft (near sartorius insertion)
33
What is the action of gracilis? (2)
- Adduction of the thigh - Flexion of the leg at the knee
34
What is the origin of pectineus?
Pectineal line of pubic bone
35
What is the pectineal line of the pubic bone?
A ridge on the superior ramus of the pubis
36
What is the insertion of pectineus?
Pectineal line on the posterior femur
37
What is the action of pectineus? (2)
- Adduction of the thigh - Flexion of the thigh at the hip joint
38
What is the innervation of pectineus?
Femoral nerve
39
What is the origin of adductor longus?
Pubis
40
What is the insertion of adductor longus?
Linea aspera of femur
41
What is the action of adductor longus?
Adduction of the thigh
42
What is the origin of adductor brevis?
Body of the pubis and inferior pubic rami
43
What is the insertion of adductor brevis?
Linea aspera (above the insertion of adductor longus)
44
What is the action of adductor brevis?
Adduction of the thigh
45
What are the 2 parts of adductor magnus?
- Adductor portion - Hamstring portion
46
What is the origin of adductor magnus? (2)
- Adductor portion: ischiopubic ramus - Hamstring portion: ischial tuberosity
47
What is the insertion of adductor magnus? (2)
- Adductor portion: linea aspera of the femur - Hamstring portion: adductor tubercle
48
What is the adductor tubercle?
Bony prominence superior to the medial epicondyle of the femur
49
What is the innervation of adductor magnus? (2)
- Adductor portion: obturator nerve - Hamstring portion: sciatic nerve
50
What is the action of adductor magnus? (4)
- Adduction of the thigh at the hip joint - Medial rotation - Adductor portion: flexion of the thigh - Hamstring portion: extension of the thigh
51
What is the adductor hiatus?
Gap between the adductor and hamstring portions of adductor magnus
52
What is the origin of obturator externus?
Obturator membrane on the obturator foramen
53
What is the insertion of obturator externus?
Posterior aspect of the greater trochanter
54
What is the action of obturator externus?
Lateral rotation of the thigh
55
Which muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve? (7)
Anterior compartment: - Iliacus part of iliopsoas - Rectus femoris - Vastus lateralis - Vastus medialis - Vastus intermedius - Sartorius Medial compartment: - Pectineus
56
Which muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve? (5)
Medial compartment: - Obturator externus - Adductor longus - Adductor brevis - Adductor portion of adductor magnus - Gracilis
57
What forms the floor of the femoral triangle? (3)
- Pectineus - Iliopsoas - Adductor longus
58
What forms the superior border of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament
59
What forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?
Sartorius
60
What are the attachments of the inguinal ligament? (2)
- Anterior superior iliac spine - Pubic tubercle
61
What forms the medial border of the femoral triangle?
Adductor longus
62
What are the contents of the femoral triangle lateral to medial? (4)
- Femoral nerve - Femoral artery (profunda femoris branches off in the triangle) - Femoral vein (long saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein in the triangle) - Femoral canal
63
What pneumonic can be used to remember the order of the contents of the femoral triangle lateral to medial?
- NAVEL - Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space (allows for veins and lymph vessels to distend), Lymph nodes
64
What are the contents of the femoral canal?
Lymph nodes and vessels
65
Where does the femoral artery come from?
Continuation of the external iliac artery (name changes as it crosses the inguinal ligament)
66
What is a femoral hernia?
When part of the bowel pushes through into the femoral canal
67
What is the main artery supplying the lower limb?
Femoral artery
68
What are the 3 branches of profunda femoris?
- Perforating branches - Lateral circumflex artery - Medial circumflex artery
69
What do the perforating branches of profunda femoris supply?
Muscles in the medial and posterior thigh
70
What does the lateral circumflex artery supply?
Muscles on the lateral aspect of the thigh
71
What does the medial circumflex artery supply?
Head and neck of the femur
72
What is the pathway of the femoral artery in the thigh? (4)
- External iliac artery crosses the inguinal ligament and becomes the femoral artery - Enters the femoral triangle and gives off the profunda femoris branch - Femoral artery continues down the anterior thigh via the adductor canal - Exits the adductor canal via the adductor hiatus and becomes the popliteal artery
73
Which blood vessel supplies the anterior thigh muscles?
Femoral artery
74
Where does the obturator artery come from? (3)
- Branches from the internal iliac artery - Enters the thigh via the obturator canal which is a small opening in the obturator membrane within the obturator foramen - Branches into the anterior and posterior branch
75
What does the anterior branch of the obturator artery supply? (6)
(Medial thigh compartment) - Pectineus - Obturator externus - Adductor muscles (longus, brevis, magnus) - Gracilis
76
What does the posterior branch of the obturator artery supply?
Some deep gluteal muscles
77
What is the pes anserinus?
Attachment point on the medial tibia for sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus
78
Which muscles insert onto the pes anserinus? (3)
- Sartorius - Gracilis - Semitendinosus
79
Where does the femoral nerve originate?
Lumbar plexus
80
Where does the obturator nerve originate?
Lumbar plexus

L2 Anatomy (4 decks)

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