Self-report

Question 1

Describe self report

Answer 1

Method or ways o obtain data by asking participants to provide information about themselves

Question 2

What is an open question ?

Answer 2

Questions that allow participants to give a full detailed response in their own words

Question 3

What are the advantages of open questions ?

Answer 3

• provide qualitative data, provide detail, so participants can express opinions fully raising validity
• analysis retains detail of participants answers so information isn’t test through averaging

Question 4

What are the disadvantages of open questions ?

Answer 4

• produce qualitative data which is time consuming to analyse
• interpretation of qualative data can be subjective leading to bias reducing inter rater reliability
• findings are individual so are less generalisable

Question 5

Describe closed questions

Answer 5

A question that offer a small number of explicitly stated alternative responses and no opportunity to expand

Question 6

Give the advantages of closed questions

Answer 6

• easy to respond to so large amount of data can be collected quickly
• more reliable as larger amounts of data can be collected
• produce quantitative data which is easy to analyse

Question 7

What are the disadvantages of closed questions

Answer 7

• only produce quantitative data which lacks detail, lowering validity
• the participants data is nominal so can only be used to calculate mean

Question 8

Give the definition of a questionnaire

Answer 8

A self report method that uses pre written questions

Question 9

Give the advantages of a questionnaire

Answer 9

• relatively easy to administer and can be sent by post or email make it time and cost effective
• quantitative data is easy to analyse
• more truthful than interview if answers or personal or socially sensitive
• easily repeated

Question 10

What are the disadvantages of questionnaires w

Answer 10

• Response bias can lead to invalid results
• limited because no flexibility for collection of unexpected data
• leading questions so not representative

Question 11

Describe an interview

Answer 11

A self report method in which participants reply verbally to questions asked

Question 12

What is a structured interview ?

Answer 12

Predominantly closed questions in a fixed order. The questions are likely to be scripted so are standardised and consistently might be even be required for the interviewers posture etc

Question 13

What is a semi structured interview ?

Answer 13

Uses a fixed list of open and closed questions although the interviewer can introduce additional questions if required

Question 14

What is an unstructured interview?

Answer 14

And generally begins with a standard question for all participants but from thereon, questions depend on the respondents answers. There might be a list of topics for the interview to cover

Question 15

What are the strengths of interviews?

Answer 15

– Structured interview data is easy to analyse as it is quantitive data
– semistructured and unstructured interviews enable researcher to gain specific and detailed information that could be missed in structured
– face-to-face a researcher can respond effectively
– easily repeatedTo generate more data our check findings
– rapidly assessed for reliability and improved by removing inconsistent results

Question 16

What are the weaknesses of interviews?

Answer 16

– Structured interviews are limited by fixed questions
– investigate Bias, can alter the way they ask the questions
– participants can be affected by baises such as social desirability and influenced by leading questions
– only some people are willing to cooperate so it may be unrepresentative