SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

Question 1

Peptide hormones that regulate steroid hormone production work primarily through second messengers and could affect the activity of the following proteins

Answer 1

cholesterol esterase
side chain cleaving enzyme
StAR protein
specific cholesterol hydroxylases

Question 2

Acronym for the essential amino acids

Answer 2

F*** These Lectures I Would Rather Have Killed Myself Violently

Question 3

Approximately what percent of iodinated tyrosine in throglobulin never becomes T3 or T4?

Answer 3

75%

Question 4

T/F: Steroid hormone receptor gene family has ligand binding domains for retinoic acid, T3, and Vit D3

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What are the steps in taking tyrosine to epinephrine?

Answer 5

tyrosine –> DOPA –> dopamine –> norepinephrine –> epinephrine

Question 6

What’s the deficient enzyme in PKU?

Answer 6

phe hydroxylase

Question 7

What are the three positions that can be hydroxylated in the synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol?

Answer 7

C 11, 17, 21

Question 8

What is the enzyme alanine transaminase used for?

Answer 8

Alanine synthesis (from pyruvate and glutamate)

Question 9

What hormones are produced by the basophil cells of the adenohypophysis?

Answer 9

ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, and MSH

Question 10

What would you measure to test for adrenal hyperfunction?

Answer 10

nighttime serum cortisol

24 hour free cortisol excretion

Question 11

Aldosterone biosynthesis occurs in the (blank)

Answer 11

zona glomerulosa

Question 12

Does hypokalemia increase aldosterone secretion?

Answer 12

No, but hyperkalemia does (high [K+] extracellularly)

Question 13

What’s the MOST sensitive test for hyperthyroidism?

Answer 13

TSH

Question 14

What does cortisol do to the production of RBCs? To glycogen storage in liver cells? To blood lymphocytes? To permeability of capillaries?

Answer 14

increases; increases; decreases; decreases

Question 15

Can chromaffin cells be found in sites other than the adrenal medulla?

Answer 15

Yep, neural crest cells migrate!

Question 16

Where does iodination of the thyroglobulin molecule occur?

Answer 16

In the colloid

Question 17

Taking estrogen oral contraceptives in elderly women cause elevated TSH? Serum cortisol? Thyroxine binding globulin? Total T-3? Free T4?

Answer 17

yes; yes; yes; yes; NO

Question 18

What would primary adrenal insufficiency do to plasma ACTH levels?

Answer 18

increase them!

Question 19

Can cortisol bind to mineralocorticoid receptors with high affinity?

Answer 19

yes