Selection and Preparation of Planting Materials

Question 1

NATIONAL SEED INDUSTRY COUNCIL

Answer 1

1. agency approving seed varieties
2. under Department of Agriculture

Question 2

CHARACTERISTICS OF IDEAL SEEDS (NSIC)

Answer 2

1. good yield
2. desirable quality
3. resistance to pest and diseases

Question 3

SEXUAL PROPAGATION

Answer 3

1. use of seeds
2. applicable to most annual crops
3. used for rootstocks for grafting
4. used for budding of tree crops

Question 4

ASEXUAL PROPAGATION

Answer 4

1. reproduction through vegetative parts
2. applicable to most fruit and ornamental crops

Question 5

ADVANTAGE OF ASEXUAL OVER SEXUAL PROPAGATION

Answer 5

1. plants true-to-type
2. trees smaller
3. trees start bearing fruit earlier
4. only option of reproduction for some crops

Question 6

APPLICATION OF ASEXUAL PROPAGATION

Answer 6

1. seedless varieties
2. sterile crops
3. crops whose seeds are not readily available

Question 7

REQUIREMENTS FOR SEED PROPAGATION

Answer 7

1. physiologically mature
2. viable

Question 8

PRE-GERMINATION TREATMENT OF SEEDS

Answer 8

1. scarification
2. vernalization
3. stratification

Question 9

SCARIFICATION

Answer 9

1. improves permeability of seedcoat to water
2. hasten seed germination

Question 10

SCARIFICATION TECHNIQUES

Answer 10

1. soaking overnight
2. dipping to boiling water
3. use of acid
4. removal of endocarp

Question 11

VERNALIZATION

Answer 11

1. subject germinating seeds to cold treatment
2. achieve flowering of cool-season crops

Question 12

STRATIFICATION

Answer 12

1. subject seeds to cold treatment to break dormancy

Question 13

APPLICATION OF RAISING SEEDLINGS FOR CROP PRODUCTION

Answer 13

1. small-seeded crops
2. crops with slow germination rate
3. crops with slow establishment
4. crops susceptible to damping-off disease

Question 14

METHODS OF RAISING SEEDLINGS

Answer 14

1. seed bed method
2. seed box method

Question 15

SEED BED METHOD

Answer 15

1. soil media: well prepared; sterilized
2. seed spacing: 7cm between rows; 2-3 seed per linear cm

Question 16

SEED BOX METHOD

Answer 16

1. box dimension: 33cm x 50cm x 7cm
2. soil media: mixture of sand, compost, garden soil; sterilized
3. seed spacing: 7-8cm between rows; 2-3 seeds per linear cm

Question 17

PRICKING

Answer 17

1. process of transferring seedlings from one seed box to another

Question 18

PROCESS OF RAISING SEEDLINGS FOR ROOTSTOCKS/FIELD PLANTING

Answer 18

1. germination bed (seedbed)
2. bagging or potting
3. re-bagging
4. raising of seedlings in nursery
5. balling

Question 19

GERMINATION BED

Answer 19

1. fine sand; or
2. 50:50 mixture of fine sand and garden soil

Question 20

BAGGING

Answer 20

1. practice of transplanting seedlings to individual bag

Question 21

POTTING MEDIA

Answer 21

1. purely loamy garden soil
2. 1:1:1 garden soil, fine sand, compost

Question 22

CONTAINERS

Answer 22

1. black plastic bags of varying size
2. should have holes for adequate draining and aeration

Question 23

CONTAINERS FOR GRAFTED SEEDLING

Answer 23

1. 7x11
2. mango, rambutan, durian, santol

Question 24

CONTAINERS FOR NON-GRAFTED SEEDLINGS

Answer 24

1. 6x10
2. guava, atis, passion fruit, guyabano

Question 25

REBAGGING

Answer 25

1. transfer of seedling from one bag to another 2. provide greater rooting space

Question 26

APPLICATION OF REBAGGING PRACTICE

Answer 26

1. slow-growing seedlings 2. seedlings kept in nursery for longer time 3. unsold grafted plant

Question 27

BALLING

Answer 27

1. digging seedlings with a ball of soil intact with the roots

Question 28

APPLICATION OF BALLING PRACTICE

Answer 28

1. seedlings raised on a nursery bed 2. large overgrown trees and palms