Environment Evaluation and Selection for Crop Production (Part 2) Flashcards
1
Q
GOOD LOCATION FOR CROP PRODUCTION
A
- access to adequate infrastructure
- favorable socio-economic conditions
2
Q
ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURES (LOCATION)
A
- farm to market roads
- electricity and water resources
- port facilities
- communication facilities
- post-harvest facilities
3
Q
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS (LOCATION)
A
- peace and order
- political stability
- availability and cost of manpower
- government policies
4
Q
SUITABLE SITE
A
- factors that directly affect crop growth
- SOIL and CLIMATE
5
Q
FUNCTIONS OF SOIL
A
- medium for plant growth
- habitat for soil organisms
- water supply
- recycling nutrients
- engineering medium
6
Q
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS THAT AFFECT CROP PRODUCTION
A
- soil depth
- soil texture
- soil structure
- nutrient/OM content
- soil pH
7
Q
SOIL DEPTH
A
- determined by digging a pit
- measure of thickness of topsoil from soil surface to hardpan layer
8
Q
TOPSOIL
A
- most fertile layer of soil
9
Q
SOIL DEPTH FOR PERENNIAL CROPS
A
- at least 80cm deep
- roots should be able to explore and obtain water and nutrients
- essential for typhoon-prone area
10
Q
SOIL DEPTH FOR ANNUAL CROPS
A
- shallower soil
11
Q
SOIL TEXTURE
A
- relative proportion of soil particles (sand, silt, clay)
- affects soil characteristics (WHC, CEC, drainage)
12
Q
SOIL TEXTURE IDEAL FOR MOST CROPS
A
LOAMY SOIL (moderate soil texture)
13
Q
SOIL STRUCTURE
A
- arrangement and clustering of soil particles
- determined by kind and amounts of cementing materials
- determined by soil management
14
Q
CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL STRUCTURE
A
- granular
- blocky
- prismatic
- columnar
- platy
- single grained
15
Q
SOIL STRUCTURE IDEAL FOR CROP PRODUCTION
A
- granular and porous for easy root proliferation
16
Q
REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIRABLE SOIL STRUCTURE
A
- contain high organic matter
- applied with tillage
17
Q
SOIL PH
A
- degree of alkalinity or acidity
18
Q
SOIL PH FOR CROP PRODUCTION
A
- affects availability/solubility of nutrients
- affects activity of microorganisms
19
Q
IDEAL SOILS FOR CROP PRODUCTION (UPLAND)
A
- deep
- moderate texture
- moderate pH
- fertile
- high OM
- well-drained
20
Q
IDEAL SOILS FOR CROP PRODUCTION (LOWLAND)
A
- deep
- excellent WHC
- fertile
- high OM
- moderate pH
- fine textured
21
Q
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE
A
- temperature
- light
- rainfall
- typhoon
22
Q
TEMPERATURE
A
- determines distribution of crop species
23
Q
TEMPERATE CROPS
A
- apple
- pear
- wheat
24
Q
TROPICAL CROPS
A
- mango
- banana
- coconut
25
LIGHT
1. influence seed germination to fruit development
26
PARAMETERS OF LIGHT
1. light intensity
2. light duration
27
LIGHT INTENSITY
1. varies with season
28
LIGHT DURATION
1. controls flowering, bulb formation and tuber formation
29
DAY-NEUTRAL CROPS
1. crops not sensitive to changes in light duration
30
RAINFALL
1. primary source of water for crop production
2. basis in classifying climate in Philippines
31
TYPES OF CLIMATE
1. type I
2. type II
3. type III
4. type IV
32
TYPE I CLIMATE
1. two pronounced season
2. dry (november - april)
3. wet (may - october)
33
TYPE II CLIMATE
1. no distinct dry period
2. maximum rainy period (november - january)
34
TYPE III CLIMATE
1. no pronounced maximum rainy period
2. short relatively dry period (november - april)
35
TYPE IV CLIMATE
1. rainfall more or less evenly distributed throughout the year
36
TYPHOONS
1. destructive yet beneficial to crops
2. 47% of rainfall is associated with typhoons
