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Animal Science 100 > Selection and Breeding > Flashcards

Selection and Breeding Flashcards

1
Q

What s another name for European Cattle?

A

Bos Taurus

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2
Q

What is another name for Zebu Cattle?

A

Bos Indicus

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3
Q

What is another name for Swine?

A

Sus Scrofa

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4
Q

What is another name for Sheep?

A

Ovis Ares

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5
Q

What is another name for Horse?

A

Equus Caballus

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6
Q

What is another name for Goat?

A

Capra Hircus

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7
Q

What is Breeding?

A

The mating and production of offspring by animals.

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8
Q

What is Selection?

A

The act of choosing something or someone from a group.

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9
Q

Phenotype is …

A

the characteristics of an animal that can be seen or measured

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10
Q

Genotype is …

A

the genetic makeup of an individual

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11
Q

Phenotype =

A

Genotype + Environment

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12
Q

Genotype =

A

Phenotype + Environment

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13
Q

Selection:

A

differentially producing what one wants in the herd and allowing certain mating to occur

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14
Q

What is a Chromosome and where is it located?

A

chromosomes are located in the nucleus and contain genetic material

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15
Q

What is a Gene?

A

an active area in the chromosome that codes for a trait

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16
Q

A complex molecule of the chromosome which is the coding mechanism of inheritance is called …

A

DNA

17
Q

Gametogenesis is …

A

the process that the gonads produce cells that become gametes (ova and sperm)

18
Q

What is Spermatogenesis?

A

It is the production of sperm (produce 4 sperm)

19
Q

What is Oogenesis?

A

It is the production of egg or ova (produce one egg)

20
Q

Meiosis:

A

special type of nuclear division that contains one member of each chromosome pair

21
Q

Give some examples of traits one should select when breeding.

A
  1. reproduction
  2. growth (pre weaning, post weaning)
  3. wool
  4. mothering ability
  5. grain (efficiency)
  6. carcass
  7. longevity
22
Q

When selecting an animal for breeding, you should look for what in the appearance of the animal?

A
  • Genetic abnormalities
  • Estimate carcass merit
  • Fit standards for the herd
23
Q

Production Records include …

A
  • Individuals records
  • Progeny teseting
  • Pedigree
  • Family
24
Q

Factors affecting Genetic Process includes …

A
  • Selection differential
  • Heritability
  • Generation interval
  • Accuracy of records
  • Genetic correlation
25
Q

ALWAYS REMEMBER: what can have an effect on traits?

A

the environment

26
Q

Heritability is also known as …

A

h2

27
Q

What is Heterosis?

A

the tendency of a crossbreed individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents

Animal Science 100 (5 decks)

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