Selected principles and Terminology in organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is an organic compound?

Answer 1

A compound that contains one or more atom of carbon in their molecules.

Question 2

How many electrons are in carbons valence shell?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only carbon.

for example methane is CH4. 4 hydrogen atoms covelently bonded to one carbon atom. ethane is C2H6.

Question 4

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 4

When two atoms share a pair of electrons. An electron from each atoms valence shell is shared.

Question 5

What are saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 5

A saturated hydrocarbon are those that contains only carbon to carbon single bonds. for example methane, ethane, propane, and butane are all saturated hydrocarbons. a saturated hydrocarbon us in the alkane family.

Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more carbon to carbon double bonds or triple bonds in their molecules. An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a carbon to carbon double bond is in the alkene family. An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a carbon to carbon triple bond is in the alkyne family.

Question 6

Replacing a hydrogen on a hydrocarbon with an OH forms what family of molecule?

Answer 6

Alcohol

Question 7

Replacing a hydrogen on a hydrocarbon with an COOH forms what family of molecule?

Answer 7

Organic Acid

Question 8

Replacing a hydrogen on a hydrocarbon with an - O - forms what family of molecule?

Answer 8

Ethers

Question 9

Replacing a hydrogen on a hydrocarbon with an COH forms what family of molecule?

Answer 9

Aldehyde