seizures and a bit on neuoplasms Flashcards
What do neuronal bodies contain
aka Soma
contain Nissl bodies which are rough endoplasmic reticulum
what is the receptive region of the neuron
dendrites
what is the projection that goes from the soma toward the terminal
The Axon
what run along the Axon
microtubues and neurofibrils
what are microtubules
linear transport proteins (roads)
what are neurofibrils
supportive structures
when an axon is cut what will begin to proliferate
Schwann cells in the PNS
what is the site of communications between neurons
synapses
how are neurotrasporters released
via synaptic vesicles
What is a recurrent pattern of seizures
epilepsy
what is the common term used for tonic-clonic seizures
convulsion
What is VITAMIN DE
Vascular
Infection
Trauma
AV malformation
Metabolic
Idiopathic
Drugs
Eclampsia
What are possible causes of Pediatric seizures
febrile
systemic cause (DM)
Structural abnormalities
Familial cause
what are the possible causes of young adult (18-35) seizures
ETOH or drug withdrawal
tumor
idiopathic
illicit drug use
TBI
perinatal insults
what are the possible causes of seizures in older adults (>35)
ETOH or drug withdrawal
tumor
cerebrovascular disease
idiopathic
metabolic
TBI
what is the epileptogenic focus
a collection of neurons that are more sensitive, more readily stimulated to begin rapid, unnecessary firing - excitation spreads across the brain parenchyma causing diffuse excitation
What are the different types of seizures
focal, generalized or unknown onset
what are focal seizures
may be with or without alteration in awareness
patient may not be aware of what occurred, may have more discrete symptoms
may have autonomic dysfunctions (palpitations, sweating)
when during seizure will patients often be confused, hyper somnolent, fatigue
post-ictal state
What are the Tonic seizures
no warning
stiffening or tension with the trunk or legs - pt may fall
lasts only a few seconds
have changes in awareness
no post seizure confusion
what are Atonic seizures
loss of tone suddenly
what causes a febrile seizures
sudden spike in temperature.
Not a specific temperature max.
what is a psychogenic nonepileptic spells
aka psuedoseizures
NOT actual seizure
most commonly associated with PTSD or conversion disorder
need to obtain social history
EEG is normal during event
Where are childhood CNS neoplasms located
Infratentorial lesion
where do adults have CNS neoplasms
supratentorial lesion
what is the most common symptom of CNS neoplasms
headaches
what are the most common sites that cause metastasis in the brain
lung
breast
kidney
skin
what are 10x more likely than primary CNS tumors
Metastasis
what are primary brain tumors
comes from cellular origins within the brain parenchyma
what are extracerebral tumor
outside of the brain
