Seizures

Question 1

pathophys seizure

Answer 1

synchronous fire while brain is awake

Question 2

how to break down seizures categories?

Answer 2

1. LOC = complex
   no LOC = simple
2. whole body = generalized = whole brain

or

part body = partial = part brain

Question 3

generalized complex seizure =

Answer 3

grand mal seizure

Question 4

partial complex

Answer 4

part body involved but still LOC

Question 5

partial simple aka

Answer 5

beginning of jackson march

Question 6

no LOC with only part of body

Answer 6

think pseudo seizure or atonic

Question 7

seizure vs epilepsy

Answer 7

seziure one time thing? or syndrome epilepsy?

Question 8

seizure dx

Answer 8

EEG

Question 9

seizure tx

Answer 9

AED like adults

Keppra (levetiracetam) common yet $$$

Question 10

absance sz tx

Answer 10

ethosuximide

Question 11

TGN

Answer 11

carbamazepine

Question 12

causes of one time seizure VITAMINS mnemonic

Answer 12

Vascular 
Infection 
Trauma 
AV malformation 
Metabolic 
Idiopathic 
Neoplasms

Question 13

vascular cause sz

Answer 13

stroke

embolism

Question 14

infection causes sz

Answer 14

meningitis
encephalitis
cerebral malaria

Question 15

trauma cause sz

Answer 15

head trauma

Question 16

metabolic cause sz

Answer 16

hypoglycemia
hyponatremia
hypoxia

Question 17

other causes sz

Answer 17

sleep deprivation
drug OD 
fever 
eclampsia 
hydrocephalus 
MS

Question 18

why kids get febrile sz?

Answer 18

fevers reduce sz threshold, developing brain vulnerable

not sure if its the rate of rise of temp or how high fever is bad?

Question 19

kid fever + seizure ask what 3 questions to prove its simple?

Answer 19

1. one sz in 24 hrs not reoccure
2. duration less 15 min
3. generalized

if any of these off then its considered complex a problem

Question 20

ped active seizing

Answer 20

BZD for abortive therapy

Question 21

simple febrile syndrome tx

Answer 21

APAP get fever down. no image or AED

Question 22

complex fever sz workup

Answer 22

1. bzd abort
2. eeg
3. LP?
4. MRI?
   put on AED

Question 23

west syndrome aka

Answer 23

infantile spasm

Question 24

bilateral symmetrical limb jerking not generalized with no fever

Answer 24

infantile spasm

Question 25

eeg: interictal hypsorrythmia

Answer 25

infantile spasm

Question 26

infantile spasm tx

Answer 26

ACTH (no link just memorize)

Question 27

f/u infantile spasm

Answer 27

can have mental delays later on

Question 28

tuberus sclerosis

Answer 28

genetic dz
angiofibroma
ash-leaf on woods lamp
afebrile sz, complex

Question 29

tuberus sclerosis dx

Answer 29

neuroimaging

Question 30

tuberus sclerosis tx

Answer 30

supportive

Question 31

tuberus sclerosis f/u

Answer 31

cognitive delays

death

Question 32

absence seizures

Answer 32

LOC but zone out, no loss of tone

some dx as ADHD

no post ictal state

Question 33

absence sz dx

Answer 33

EEG

Question 34

absence tx

Answer 34

ethosuximide

back up valproic acid

Question 35

t/f most kids outgrow absence sz

Answer 35

true