Seizures Flashcards
pathophys seizure
synchronous fire while brain is awake
how to break down seizures categories?
- LOC = complex
no LOC = simple - whole body = generalized = whole brain
or
part body = partial = part brain
generalized complex seizure =
grand mal seizure
partial complex
part body involved but still LOC
partial simple aka
beginning of jackson march
no LOC with only part of body
think pseudo seizure or atonic
seizure vs epilepsy
seziure one time thing? or syndrome epilepsy?
seizure dx
EEG
seizure tx
AED like adults
Keppra (levetiracetam) common yet $$$
absance sz tx
ethosuximide
TGN
carbamazepine
causes of one time seizure VITAMINS mnemonic
Vascular Infection Trauma AV malformation Metabolic Idiopathic Neoplasms
vascular cause sz
stroke
embolism
infection causes sz
meningitis
encephalitis
cerebral malaria
trauma cause sz
head trauma
metabolic cause sz
hypoglycemia
hyponatremia
hypoxia
other causes sz
sleep deprivation drug OD fever eclampsia hydrocephalus MS
why kids get febrile sz?
fevers reduce sz threshold, developing brain vulnerable
not sure if its the rate of rise of temp or how high fever is bad?
kid fever + seizure ask what 3 questions to prove its simple?
- one sz in 24 hrs not reoccure
- duration less 15 min
- generalized
if any of these off then its considered complex a problem
ped active seizing
BZD for abortive therapy
simple febrile syndrome tx
APAP get fever down. no image or AED
complex fever sz workup
- bzd abort
- eeg
- LP?
- MRI?
put on AED
west syndrome aka
infantile spasm
bilateral symmetrical limb jerking not generalized with no fever
infantile spasm
eeg: interictal hypsorrythmia
infantile spasm
infantile spasm tx
ACTH (no link just memorize)
f/u infantile spasm
can have mental delays later on
tuberus sclerosis
genetic dz
angiofibroma
ash-leaf on woods lamp
afebrile sz, complex
tuberus sclerosis dx
neuroimaging
tuberus sclerosis tx
supportive
tuberus sclerosis f/u
cognitive delays
death
absence seizures
LOC but zone out, no loss of tone
some dx as ADHD
no post ictal state
absence sz dx
EEG
absence tx
ethosuximide
back up valproic acid
t/f most kids outgrow absence sz
true
