opthalmology

Question 1

amblyopia definition

Answer 1

develop cortical blindness

• if brain gets two images it can only process one
• so it will turn off one, and keep the other

Question 2

amblyopia pathophys …how does this happen?

Answer 2

either:
- strabismus
- congenital cataracts

Question 3

amblyopia dx

Answer 3

clinical

Question 4

amblyopia tx

Answer 4

none

- only prevention!!

Question 5

strabismus def

Answer 5

“lazy eye”

Question 6

physical exam test for strabismus

Answer 6

corneal light reflection test: shine light at both eyes and should see equal reflection in middle of pupil middle of eye

if abnormal then do….
cover uncover test: cover eye and then remove, watched eyeball for any lateral mvmt

Question 7

strabismus dx

Answer 7

clinical

Question 8

strabismus tx

Answer 8

congenital: surgery
acquired: patch good eye with glasses and wait for other eye to catch up

Question 9

when does strabismus need to be fixed by?

Answer 9

congenital by 6 mo

Question 10

congenital cataract cause

Answer 10

• at birth = TORCH infxn

- acquired: galactosemia (error metabolism)

Question 11

cloudy / milk white front of eye

Answer 11

cataract

Question 12

congenital cataract tx

Answer 12

resection

Question 13

deep white thing in eye

Answer 13

retinoblastoma

Question 14

retinoblastoma cause

Answer 14

Rb gene

Question 15

lack of red reflex = all white retina

Answer 15

retinoblastoma

Question 16

retinoblastoma tx

Answer 16

surgical

no radiation! (this causes cancer in other eye)

Question 17

retinoblastoma f/u

Answer 17

around puberty these kids can develop osteosarcomas

Question 18

retinopathy of prematurity def

Answer 18

premature infant on high level of FiO2 for lung maturity can lead to these growths on the retina

Question 19

retinopathy of prematurity dx

Answer 19

clinical

Question 20

retinopathy of prematurity tx

Answer 20

laser, ablation

Question 21

if see retinopathy of prematurity look for these problems as well!

Answer 21

• bronchopulmonary dysplasia
• intraventricular hemorrhage (get u/s doppler)
• necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 22

infant conjunctivitis 5 kinds

Answer 22

chemical 
gonorrhea 
chlamydia 
HSV 
Bacterial

Question 23

conjunctivitis onset less than 24 hours

b/l non purulent discharge ?

Answer 23

silver nitrate chemical

Question 24

silver nitrate conjunctivitis tx

Answer 24

topical erythromycin

Question 25

conjunctivitis onset 2-7 days, purulence

Answer 25

gonorrheal conjunctivitis

Question 26

gonorrheal conjunctivitis tx

Answer 26

ceftriaxone

• chocolate agar culture
• pcr

Question 27

conjunctivitis 5-14 days

unilateral mucoid to purulent

Answer 27

chlamydial conjunctivitis

Question 28

chlamydial conjunctivitis tx

Answer 28

erythromycin oral
regular cultures
pcr

Question 29

HSV conjunctivitis

Answer 29

acyclovir shorten duration

Question 30

day 5-14 not chlamydia conjunctivitis?

Answer 30

bacterial conjunctivitis