Seizures Flashcards
what is the ILAE classification for epileptic seizures?
anatomic classification
what is the international classification of epilepsies and and epileptic syndromes?
localization of seizures and patient characteristics
what are the generalized seizures?
- tonic
- clonic
- tonic-clonic (grand mal)
- absence (petit mal)
- myoclonic
- atonic / akinetic
- infantile spasms
what are the EEG findings for absence seizures?
3 Hz spike and slow wave
80% of all seizures are __________ seizures
partial
what are the subtypes of simple partial seizures?
- motor
- sensory
- autonomic
- psychic
first aid for seizures
- protect head
- turn on side
- head dependent
- NOTHING IN MOUTH
what are the therapeutic goals of seizure management?
- complete seizure control
- few adverse events
- improved quality of life
- affordable treatment
anticonvulsant drug interactions are influenced by what 3 factors?
- absorption
- protein binding
- hepatic microsomal enzymes
what are the drug options for symptomatic partial seizures?
- carbamazepine
- oxcarbamazepine
- lamotrigine
what are the drug options for generalized absence seizures?
- levitiracetam
- topiramate
- lamotrigine
- valproate
- lacosamide
what are the drug options for myoclonus?
- valproate
- lamotrigine
- topiramate
- lacosamide
what are the features of status epilepticus?
- frequent seizures without recovery from one to the next
- one seizure lasting over 30 minutes
- true medical emergency
what is the treatment for status epilepticus?
- ABCs
- H&P
- IV, blood draw
- O2, thiamine, glucose, IV fluids
- lorazepam
- fosphenytoin
if it persists: IV phenobarbital, levetiracetam, valproate, propofol
what is done for pregnant patients with epilepsy?
if they have seizures, use medication to treat them - choose the most effective one with the least teratogenic effects
