Multiple sclerosis Flashcards
what is the leading cause of neurological disability in America?
MS
is MS a demyelinating disease, an axonal disease, or both?
both
is MS a disease of white matter, gray matter, or both?
both
what is the peak age of onset for MS? what is the range?
33 (18-55)
what virus is thought to be a trigger for MS?
EBV
what is the only genetic factor of confirmed importance for MS? which chromosome?
HLA class two on chromosome 6
HLA-DRBI*1501
what is the concordance rate of MS in monozygotic twins?
30%
what represents the highest odds of getting MS?
if both parents have it - 35%
what are the immunological features of MS?
- predominantly an aberrant T cell immune response
- activation of circulating CD4 cells specific for myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, MOG and MAG
- dysfunction in the BBB allowing the activated cells to cross into the CNS attacking myelin
what is the most important (and common) type of MS?
relapsing-remitting
what are the poor prognostic indicators for MS clinical course?
- male
- older age at onset
- posterior fossa symptoms at onset
- AA
- significant residual disability from first attack
focal findings in corpus callosum?
MS
the presence of what CSF findings is suggestive of MS?
oligoclonal IgG bands
what are characteristics of devic’s disease (neuromyelitis optica)?
- affects only optic nerves and cervical spinal cord
- blindness, quadriplegia
- spares brain parenchyma
- purely B cell mediated
what is the pathophysiology of devic’s disease (neuromyelitis optica)?
affects aquaporin-4 channels
