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4th Year Neurology > Seizure Disorders > Flashcards

Seizure Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

List drugs that are common precipitants of epilepsy

A 
Antibiotics
Tramadol
Anti-emetics
Opioids
Aminophylline
Amphetamines
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2
Q

What is the mandatory first investigation in all patients presenting with a seizure?

A

ECG - a seizure could be a sign of a cardiac dysthymia not epilepsy (eg long QT seizure)

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3
Q

Which seizure patients usually qualify for MRI/CT?

A

Intracranial pathology
Trauma
Focal signs
Low GCS

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4
Q

What is the rule regarding driving after your first seizure?

A

Can’t drive until seizure-free for:

car: 6 months
hgv: 5 years

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5
Q

What is the rule regarding driving with epilepsy?

A

Can’t drive until seizure-free for:

car: 1 year
hgv: 10 years

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6
Q

What are the 2 classifications of epileptic seizure?

A

Focal

Generalised

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7
Q

What is the difference between focal and generalised epileptic seizure?

A

Focal: part of brain structurally abnormal causing focal symptoms
Generalised: neural cortical pathways conduct seizure to different brain areas

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8
Q

What is the treatment of choice for focal seizures?

A

Carbamazepine

Lamotrigine/levetiracetam are alternatives

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9
Q

What is the treatment of choice for generalised seizures?

A

Sodium valproate

Lamotrigine/ethuxosam are alternatives

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10
Q

Which patient group in particular should not be given sodium valproate and why?

A

Young girls

Teratogenic

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11
Q

Which epileptic drug can make generalised seizures worse?

A

Carbamazepine

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12
Q

List clinical features of functional non-epileptic attack

A

Prominent motor activity
Collapse
Fear, gasping, hyperventilation
Prolonged duration (up to 20mins)

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13
Q

What is status epilepticus?

A

Recurrent epileptic seizures without full recovery of consciousness

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14
Q

List some precipitants of status epilepticus

A

Infection
Trauma
Metabolic disorders
Withdrawal of anti-convulsants

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15
Q

Which drugs should be administered for acute seizure by carers at home?

A

Diazepam (rectal)

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16
Q

Which drug is preferred over diazepam for immediate control of acute seizure?

A

Lorazepam (iv)

17
Q

Are children more prone to focal or generalised seizures?

A

Generalised

18
Q

What age range typically experiences focal seizures?

A

> 50

19
Q

Tongue biting and urinary incontinence are diagnostic of an epileptic seizure. True or false?

A

False - can happen in seizures but are not diagnostic of them

20
Q

Which drug causes birth control to be less effective?

A

Carbamazepine

4th Year Neurology (13 decks)

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