Seizure and Dementia Drugs Flashcards
Do you remember Reisert’s slide about not panicking when someone is having a seizure?
It’s true. Panicking doesn’t help anything. Be the one who doesn’t panic. I know you can - I believe in you.
Name the seizure drugs (7)
- Lamotrigine
- Carbamazepine
- Phenytoin
- Ethosuximide
- Topiramate
- Valproic acid
- Lorazepam…which is also an anxiolytic and retrograde amnesia meds.
Lamotrigine: MOA
Blocks sustained, repetitive neuron firing; inhibits Na+ channels and probably Ca++ channels
Lamotrigine: indication
Mono- or add-on therapy for partial and generlaized seizures
Lamotrigine: Side effects
SJS, osteoporosis
What supplement do you prescribe for your Pt on Lamotrigine?
Folic acid
Carbamazepine: MOA
Decreases synaptic glutamate; inhibits Na+ channels
Carbamazepine: indication
Partial or generalized T-C seizures
Carbamazepine: side effect
osteoporosis
What sort of Dx-Dx interactions do you see with Carbamazepine?
Too many to count (CYP450)
Phenytoin: MOA
Limits repetitive firing of neurons; inhibits Na+ channels
Phenytoin: indication
Partial and generalized T-C seizures
Phenytoin: side effect
Gingval hyperplasia
Phenytoin: referral
The dentist for close monitoring
Ethosuximide: MOA
Reduces low threshold Ca++ currents
Ethosuximide: indication
Petit mal seizures in kids
Ethosuximide: side effects
Hiccups, SLE
Topiramate: MOA
Reduced Na+ currents
Enhances GABA receptors
Inhibits glutamate receptors
Topiramate: indication
General T-C, partial, petit mal seizures; migraines
Topiramate: side effect
Metabolic acidosis
Valproic acid: MOA
Increase pre and post synaptic [GABA]
Valproic acid: indication
Generalized T-C seizures, mania, mood stabilization; migraine Px
Valproic acid: side effect
Hepatotoxicity
Max daily dose of Valproic acid?
250mg - in divided doses
