Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Unit 2 - Intro To Biology > Segment 2 - Chemistry > Flashcards

Segment 2 - Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is matter

A

Anything that occupies space and is composed of elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an element?

A

A specific substance that can’t be broken broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many elements are there?

A

118

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many elements are naturally occurring?

A

94

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many elements are unstable?

A

24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the periodic table?

A

It communicates important info about each element and how they relate to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who invented the periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest component of an element that retains all the chemical properties of that element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 components of an atom’s structure?

A

Nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the nucleus?

A

Central region of an atom that contains protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are protons?

A

Positively charged particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are electrons?

A

Negatively charged particles found in orbitals around the outside of the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are neutrons?

A

Particles found in elements heavier than hydrogen and have mass but no charge, found in the nucleus of the atom holding protons in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which particle has the same amount as the number of protons?

A

Electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neutrons always match the number of protons and electrons. True or False?

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the atomic number of an atom?

A

The number of protons within an atom which determines the element it belongs to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you find the atomic mass of an element?

A

By adding the number of protons with the number of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you find the average number of neutrons?

A

By subtracting the amount of protons from the atomic mass of an element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The mass of a proton is greater than an electron. True or False?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is an electric charge?

A

A property in protons and electrons that determine how electricity is moved through a material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What an atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons, the atom has a positive charge. True or False?

A

FALSE. The atom becomes neutral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many orbital shells are there?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the names of the orbital shells?

A

S orbital, P orbital, d orbital, and f orbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many electrons are found on the s subshell?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How many electrons are found on the p subshell?
8
26
How many electrons are found on the d subshell?
18
27
How many electrons are found on the f subshell?
32
28
How many orbitals in the s subshell?
1
29
How many orbitals in the p subshell?
3 orbitals
30
How many orbitals in the d subshell?
5 orbitals
31
How many orbitals in the f subshell?
7 orbitals
32
Each row shows how many orbitals an element has in that row. True or False?
TRUE
33
There are 7 rows on the periodic table not including Lanthanides (with 6 orbitals) and Actinides (with 7 orbitals). True or False?
TRUE
34
What are inert elements?
Includes all noble gases and they do not react with other elements to form compounds.
35
Inert elements have unstable outer shells. True or False?
FALSE. Inert elements have full outer shells making them stable atoms.
36
What are compounds?
They are formed between 2 or more elements in fixed proportions
37
Compounds can only be broken down through physical processes. True or False?
FALSE. Compounds can only be broken down through chemical processes.
38
What are isotopes?
They occur when an atom has a different number of neutrons in comparison to protons
39
Some isotopes are radioactive. True or False?
TRUE
40
What is an ionic bond?
Involves one atom losing 1 or more electrons and another atom gaining that lost electron
41
What is one way to remember ionic bonds?
“Sharing is caring”
42
What is an ion?
An atom with a charge
43
What is an anion?
An ion with a negative charge
44
What is a cation?
An ion with a positive charge
45
Sodium chloride is an example of what bond?
Ionic
46
What is a covalent bond?
Involves elements sharing electrons to achieve a full outer shell without gaining or losing
47
What is one way to remember covalent bonds?
Think of it as a symbiotic relationship
48
How many bonds can be formed within a covalent bond?
Single, double, or triple
49
What is a molecule?
The smallest unit of a compound that has the same properties of a compound and occurs within a covalent bond
50
All compounds are molecules but not vice versa. True or False?
TRUE
51
What are the 2 kinds of covalent bonds?
Polar and nonpolar
52
What is a nonpolar covalent bond?
When 2 covalently bonded atoms share electrons almost equally
53
What is a polar covalent bond?
When electrons are shared unequally
54
Hydrogen chloride is an example of which type of bond?
Polar covalent
55
Water is an example of which type of bound?
Polar covalent
56
Hydrogen is an example of which type of bond?
Nonpolar covalent
57
Oxygen is an example of which type of bond?
Nonpolar covalent
58
Water is made up of which atoms?
2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen
59
What is an octet?
A full outer orbital ring
60
H20 forms a bent molecule. True or False?
TRUE
61
What is a dipole?
When a molecule has regions of charge that are separated to form polar molecules
62
Water is a universal solvent. True or False?
TRUE.
63
Cohesion is when…
An substance is attracted to itself
64
Adhesion is when…
A substance is attracted to other substances
65
Boiling point is determined by atomic mass of one atom. True or False?
FALSE. It’s determined by molecular mass of a molecule.
66
How is molecular mass determined?
By adding all the sums of the atomic masses for each atom within a molecule
67
What is an acid?
A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen atoms in a solution
68
What is alkalinity?
The base of a solution
69
What is a base?
Provides hydroxide ions or other negatively charged ions that combine with hydrogen to reduce the concentration of a solution
70
What is pH
Indicates how acidic or alkaline something is
71
The lower the number the higher the concentration of hydrogen. True or False?
TRUE.
72
What pH level is water?
Neutral or 7.
73
What is the highest level of pH?
14
74
What is the lowest level of pH?
1
75
Where are noble gases located on the periodic table?
The very last column

Unit 2 - Intro To Biology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions