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Unit 2 - Intro To Biology > Segment 1 - Study Of Living Things > Flashcards

Segment 1 - Study Of Living Things Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is hierarchy?

A

A way of dividing and organizing topics for studying

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2
Q

What is the smallest level of hierarchy?

A

Atoms

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3
Q

What is the highest level of hierarchy?

A

The biosphere

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4
Q

What are emergent properties?

A

Characteristic gained when an entity becomes part of a bigger system

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5
Q

What is a biome?

A

Defines specific areas of the world

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6
Q

What is an example of a biome?

A

The Amazon rainforest
The Arctic tundra
The African grasslands

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7
Q

Systems biology is the study of interactions within parts of the environment and how they are affected by change. True or False?

A

TRUE

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of living things?

A

Cellular composition, response/adaptation, reproduction, metabolism, and evolution

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9
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

Contains one cell

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10
Q

Unicellular organisms reproduce how?

A

Asexually

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11
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The ability to maintain or balance
internal conditions

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12
Q

How do plants metabolize energy?

A

Photosynthesis

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13
Q

What is evolution?

A

Random mutations that allow for “survival of the fittest” in changing environments

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14
Q

What are the 3 domains of life?

A

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

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15
Q

What is the phylogenetic tree?

A

Shows the 3 accepted domains of life

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16
Q

What is bacteria?

A

A prokaryotic organism that reproduces asexually and contains ester-linked lipids.

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17
Q

What is archaea?

A

A prokaryotic organism that reproduces asexually and contains ether-linked lipids in contrast to bacteria

18
Q

What is Eukarya?

A

Multicellular organisms that produce sexually and includes humans

19
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Requires 1 parent to reproduce

20
Q

What is the scientific method?

A

A process to solve a problem

21
Q

Explain the steps of the scientific method.

A

Observe/research, ask a question, formulate hypothesis, make predictions, design an experiment, conduct experiment, analyze collected data and draw conclusions

22
Q

What is an inference?

A

A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence or reasoning

23
Q

What is an experimental group?

A

The group in an experiment that is exposed to the changing condition that is being tested

24
Q

What is the control group?

A

The group in an experiment that contains a controlled variable.

25
Q

What is a controlled variable?

A

A variable that does not change

26
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

A factor that is changed or manipulated and differs between the experimental and controlled groups

27
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

The response or result to the change in the experimental group due to the independent variable

28
Q

What is a variable?

A

A factor that is subject to change

29
Q

A null hypothesis is the first to be test. True or False?

A

TRUE.

30
Q

What is an alternative hypothesis?

A

Offers options if the null hypothesis is rejected

31
Q

What is deductive reasoning?

A

Includes very general/broad observations and predicts a very specific outcome

32
Q

What is inductive reasoning?

A

Takes a very specific observation rather than a broad one and draws broader conclusions rather than a specific one

33
Q

Qualitative data is measured using numbers. True or False?

A

FALSE. Qualitative data describes no numerical data while quantitative data measures numbers

34
Q

What does a scientist need to go through when publishing a piece of scientific literature?

A

Go through a peer review

35
Q

What is a peer review?

A

When a scientific piece of literature is subject to scrutiny from scientist in the same field of study

36
Q

Tertiary literature summarizes the results of another scientists original research. True or False?

A

FALSE. Tertiary literature condenses materials in reference to both primary and secondary literature. Secondary literature summarizes the results of original research.

37
Q

What is primary literature?

A

Includes any sort of original research

38
Q

What is a scientific theory?

A

Offers widely accepted explanations that have been tested thoroughly over many years

39
Q

Once a theory is disproved it is no longer a theory. True or False?

A

TRUE

40
Q

True theories become facts. True or False?

A

FALSE. Theories do not become facts and is a common misconception.

41
Q

What is a scientific law?

A

Mathematical formulas that offer observations without explanations and proven to always be true

Unit 2 - Intro To Biology (4 decks)

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