SEEDS Flashcards
The structure that develops from the ovule after fertilization
Seed
Parts of the seed
Seed coat
Endosperm
Embryo
Three associated parts of seed coat:
Hilum
Micropyle
Raphe
Scar on the seed coat
Hilum
Small opening near the hilum
Micropyle
Ridge located on the testa
Raphe
Derives from the primary endosperm cell and contains the stored food of the seed
Endosperm
The young plant inside the seed with the following parts cotyledon epicotyl and hypocotyl
Embryo
One or two seeded leaves
Cotyledon
Part of the embryo above the point of attachment of the cotyledons it’s growing tip, the plumule, constitutes the first but
Epicotyl
Part of the embryo below the point of attachment of the cotyledons it’s growing tip, the radicle give rise to the primary root
Hypocotyl
Types of seeds based on the location of the stored food
Endospermic seeds or Albuminous seeds
Non-endospermic seeds or Exalbuminous seeds
Endosperm is present for food storage
Endospermic seeds or albuminous seeds
Endosperm is absent
Non-endospermic seeds or Exalbuminous seeds
Types of seeds based on the number of cotyledons
Dicotyledonous seeds
Monocotyledonous seeds
With two cotyledons
Dicotyledonous seeds
With one cotyledon
Monocotyledonous seeds
The transfer of fruits and seeds to distant places
Dissemination
Agents for dispersal are the following:
Wind
Animals
Water
Simply dispersed by the violent splitting of the pericarp
Seeds and fruits dispersed by this are generally light and may have some structural adaptations like wings and plumules
Wind
Seeds and fruits dispersed by this have spines or barbs that adhere to animal fur
Seeds may be sticky and carried on the feet of some birds
Animals
Fruits dispersed by this are buoyant
Water
