FRUITS Flashcards
The ripened ovary of the flower
Fruit
Protects the seeds aid in their germination and maybe factor in timing their germination
Fruit
Fruit wall
Pericarp
Outermost layer
Exocarp
Fleshy middle layer
Mesocarp
Innermost layer which usually surrounds the seeds
Endocarp
Types of seeds based on the origin:
Normal
Parthenocarpic
Fruit that develops after fertilization
Normal
Fruit that develops without fertilization
Parthenocarpic
Based on the number of ovaries involved in its formation
Simple fruit
Compound fruit
Develops from one ovary
Simple fruit
Develops from several ovary
Compound fruit
Two types of compound fruit
Aggregate
Multiple or collective
Develops from the several ovaries of a single flower
Aggregate
Examples of aggregate fruits
Atis and Guyabano
Develops from several ovaries of a compact inflorescence
Multiple or collective
Examples of multiple or collective fruit
Langka
Durian
Rimas
Pineapple
Types of fruits based on consistency
Pericarp dry or dehiscent
Pericarp dry or indehiscent
Pericarp fleshy
Types of Pericarp dry or dehiscent
Legume or pod
Follicle
Capsule
Silique
Arises from a single carpel which at maturity splits along 2 sutures with a shell pericarp endorsing the seeds
Legume or pod
Examples of legume or pod
Peanut sitao batao patani
Develops from a single carpel and opens a long one suture
Follicle
Examples of follicle
Camachille and kalachuchi
Derives from an ovary with two or more united carpels each carpel producing few to many seeds and splits in various ways
Capsule
Examples of capsule
Castor oil
Banaba
Okra
Cotton
Derives from a superior ovary consisting of two locules which maturity separates into three portions with the seeds attached to the central persistent portion
Silique
Example of silique
Malunggay
Types of pericarp dry or indehiscent
Achene
Grain
Samara
Schizocarp
Nuts
Commonly called seeds but when the pericarp is broken the seeds within is seem to be attached to the ovary wall at one point
Achene
Examples of achene
Strawberry and pineapple
Like the achene also called as the Caryopsis it is also one seeded but the peri carp in seed coat are firmily united
Grain
Examples of grain
Corn and rice
Maybe two or one seeded and has a wing like outgrowth of the ovary wall
Samara
Examples of Samara
Narra and Maple
Derived from two carpels which splits when mature along the midline into two one seeded indehiscent leaves
Schizocarp
Examples of schizocarp
Carrot and mustard family
One seeded fruit with a hard or stony pericarp commonly called the shell
Nut
Examples of nut
Cashew nuts
Pistachio
Walnut
Chestnut
Enumerate the pericarp fleshy
Berry
Hesperidium
Pepo
Drupe
Pome
Derived from a compound ovary usually many seeds are embedded in a fleshy part which is both endocarp and meso carp
Berry
Examples of berry
Eggplant
Tomato
Grapes
Type of berry with a thick leathery rind with numerous glands which constitute the exocarp and meso carp and a thick juicy portion of several wedge shape locules which are outgrowths from the endocarp
Hesperidium
Examples of hesperidium
Orange
Pomelo
Calamansi
Dalandan
Berry like fruit with a hard rind derived from the fusion of the receptacle and the exocarp while the fleship part of the fruit is principally mesocarp and endocarp
Pepo
Examples of pepo
Cucumber
Squash
Watermelon
Derived from one carpel and is usually one seeded, exocarp is thin mesocarp maybe fleshy or fibrous and the endocarp is hard consisting of thick walled stone cells
Drupe
Examples of drupe
Pili nut
Coconut
Mango
Avocado
Derived from an inferior ovary the fleshy part is the enlarged floral tube and the core comes from the ovary
Pome
Examples of pome
Apple
Pear