Seedless Plants Flashcards
What is the stomata?
Tiny pores in leaves where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits.
What is xylem?
Conducts water and dissolved minerals upwards from roots to shoots.
What is Pholem?
Moves sucrose and hormones throughout plant.
Describe the Halplodiplontic life cycle.
Gametophytes generation which is the egg and sperm go through fertilization which produces a diploid zygote (mitosis). The zygote becomes the sporophyte generation which produces the spores and the spores go through meiosis and become the gametophyte generation once again.
What is a sporophyte?
A spore producing plant.
What happens to haploid spores?
They develop into gametophyte structures.
What is meiosis?
A special type of cell division that produces the gametes such as sperm or egg cells.
What is a gametophyte?
A gamete producing plant.
What is mitosis?
Cell division that results in two daughter cells.
What are gametes?
Sex cells (sperm and egg)
What is a diploid zygote?
A cell that has two copies of each chromosome.
What is a zygote?
Fertilized egg cell.
What is a diploid sporophyte?
The individual formed when gametes fuse together during fertilization.
What is a thallus?
Body of fungus.
What is gametangia?
Structures in which gametes are produced. (Umbrella shaped)
What are rhizoids?
Root like structures that anchor moss to rocks.
What is archegonia?
Female gametangia (eggs)
What is antheridia?
Make gametangia (sperm)
What is vascular tissue?
Plant tissue that transports nutrients and water throughout plant. (Xylem and pholem)
What are fiddleheads?
Young fronds that are tightly coiled.
When did green algae and land plants share a MRCA?
Over 1BYA.
What are the 2 groups of green algae?
Chlorophytes and charophytes.
What are terrestrial adaptations?
- Waxy cuticle and stomata protect from dessiccation.
- Water moved using vascular tissue.
- Increase in UV exposure caused increased mutation rate.
- Shift to dominant diploid generation
- Haplodiplontic life cycle
What are the groups and subgroups of seedless plants?
- Bryophyte (liverwort, moss, and hornwort)
- Lycophyte ( scale tree, spike moss, club moss)
- Ferns and friends/pterophyta (whisk ferns, ferns, and horsetails)
