Seedless Plants Flashcards
- Phyte
Meaning
Plant
-phyll
Leaf
-gameto
Reproductive cell (gametes)
-sporo
Spore
-anthero
Male reproductive structure
Archeg-
Female reproductive
Tracheo-
Trachea or vascular
Bryo-
Moss
Rhizo-
Root-like
Ploidy
Number of sets of chromosomes sets in a cell
Haploid
1 set in eggs/ sperm (gametes)
Diploid
2 sets in somatic cells
What produces spores?
Sprorphytes
What produces gametes?
Gametophytes
I’m plants, which are produced by Mitosis?
Egg and sperm
Gametophyte and sporophyte
Which structures produce gametes?
Antheridium and archegonium
How do plants go from haploid to diploid?
Fertilization
How do plants go from diploid to haploid?
Meiosis
Plants are Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
What is contained in their cell walls?
Eukaryotic
Cellulose
Explain General seedless plant life cycle
Goes through a MULTICELLULAR haploid stage called gametophyte into a MULTICELLULAR diploid stage called sporophyte.
Is gametophyte and sporophyte structures or life cycle stages?
Stages.
What does the gametophyte stage produce?
Gametes
What are the gametes called in a seedless plant lifecycle?
Female archegonia (egg)
Male antheridia (sperm)
Explain the gamete cellular structure
Both are single celled haploid
What life cycle is the zygote and what is it’s cellular structure?
Diploid single celled
What is the sporophyte?
Multi cellular diploid stage
Explain the Sporophyte stage
Cells in sporangium undergo meiosis to release spores (single cell haploid)
What are four major groups of plants?
Bryophytes
Seedless vascular plants
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
types of Bryophytes (non-vascular)
Mosses, liverworts, hornworts
Type of seedless vascular plants
Ferns
What are gymnosperms
Plants with seeds on scale like structures called cones
What are Angiosperms
Flowering plants
What stage is dominant in non vascular plants?
Gametophyte stage
Explain asexual reproduction in liverworts:
They contain Gemma cups on the thallus that have gemmae that are washed out of the cups by rain water to spread.
How do liverworts produce sexually?
Reproductive structures grow on the thallus. The Antheridiophores contain antheridia that produce sperm and swim to the genial archegoniophore.
They fertilize creating the zygote that developed into the diploid sporophyte.
What happens in liverworts after the sporophyte stage?
The sporophyte produces spores that release and grow into the new thallus.
What is unique about hornworts?
Hint* energy
They have a photosynthetic sporophyte
Explain the prothallium
Heart, Archegonium in the top
Sides, antheridium and the bottom “roots” is the rhizoids
Name a type of liverwort
Marchantia
What is the visible part of the fern sorus?
The indusium
What is the “flowering” part of the horsetail called?
The Strobilus
Where do the leaves on a fern plant?
On the stem nodes
What does the Strobilus produce?
Spores
