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Biology 3 > Seed Plants > Flashcards

Seed Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe gymnosperms

A

seeds are totally expossed or borne on the scales of cones

ovary wall does not surround the ovules

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2
Q

Describe angiosperms

A

flowering plants

produce seeds within a fruit (a mature ovary)

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3
Q

Gymnosperms are ___plants

A

vascular

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4
Q

Gymnosperms produce_____.

A

seeds

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5
Q

List the 4 phyla of gymnosperms

A

coniferophyta
ginkgophyta
cycadophyta
gnetophyta

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6
Q

What is the largest phylum of gymnosperms?

A

coniferophyta

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7
Q

Most conifers are ____and_____

A

evergreen

monoecious

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8
Q

Monoecius

A

male and female reproductive parts in separate cones on same plant

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9
Q

Pinus

A

pine tree

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10
Q

What stage is a pine tree?

A

sporophyte

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11
Q

What stage is a pine seed in?

A

gametophyte

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12
Q

A pine tree is heterosporous

A

k

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13
Q

Where does a pollen tube grow from?

A

pollen grain

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14
Q

What does the pollen tube grow through? To get to what?

A

megasporangium

egg

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15
Q

Comon name for cyadophyta

A

cycads

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16
Q

Cycads are ___or____ in appearance

A

palmlike

fernlike

17
Q

Cycads are dioecious. Meaning what?

A

male and female reproductive structures are on separate plants

18
Q

Cycads reproduce with _____and seeds in _____ structures.

A

pollen

conelike

19
Q

Give an example of a Ginkgophyta

A

Ginkgo biloba (only surviving species)

20
Q

Ginkgo biloba is a deciduous, dioecious_____

A

tree

21
Q

Female gingko produces fleshy ___directly on branches.

A

seeds

22
Q

Gnetophytes share some traits with what?

A

angiosperms

23
Q

List the three genuses of gnetophytes. Give xamples.

A

Gnetum- tropical vines, shrubs, trees with broad leaves
Ephedra- shrubs and vines that grow in deserts and other dry areas
Welwitschia- single species found in African desserts

24
Q

Ephedra plants make ephedrine. Which does what?

A

stimulates the heart and raises blood pressure

25
Q

Describe how a welwitschia looks

A

2 leaves that grow its entire life to the size of 6 1/2 feet

26
Q

After fertilization ovules become_____ and the ovary develops into____

A

seeds

fruit

27
Q

Angiosperms are the only plants to use_____ fertilization.

A

double

28
Q

What is the dominant stage in flowering plants?

A

sporophyte

29
Q

What does embryo sacs contain in fowers?

A

7 cells with 8 nuclei

30
Q

Egg cell and central cell with two polar nuclei participate in _____.

A

fertilization

31
Q

In double fertiliation 2 sperm fertilize two cells in the ____.

A

embryo sac

32
Q

What does double fertilization result in?

A

diploid zygote

triploid endosperm

33
Q

Cotyledons

A

nutritive organs in mature seeds

they absorb nutrients in endosperm

Biology 3 (5 decks)

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