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Biology 3 > Chap. 27 > Flashcards

Chap. 27 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the waxy cuticle in plants do?

A

prevent water loss

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2
Q

What are the 2 parts of a plant life cycle?

A

Haploid Gametophyte Generation

Siploid Sporophyte Generation

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3
Q

Most plants have multicellular ______.

A

gametangia

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4
Q

The gametangia is surrounded with a protective jacket of____cells.

A

sterile

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5
Q

Antherdia

A

produce sperm

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6
Q

Archegonia

A

produce eggs

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7
Q

Xylem

A

conducts water and dissolved minerals

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8
Q

Phloem

A

conducts dissolved sugar

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9
Q

Strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that functions for support and conduction

A

lignin

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10
Q

Plants supposedly arose from what?

A

charophytes (type of green algae)

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11
Q

Nonvascular plants lack what?

A

xylem and phloem

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12
Q

List the 3 phyla of bryophytes

A

bryophyta (mosses)
Hepatophyta (liverworts)
anthocerophyta (hornworts)

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13
Q

What phylum are mosses in?

A

Bryophyta

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14
Q

Mosses live in what?

A

dense colonies or beds

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15
Q

Mosses are individual plants that have tiny, hairlike____for absorption and an upright _____ structure with leaflike blades.

A

rhizoids

stemlike

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16
Q

Mosses____have true rots, stems, or leaves.

A

do not

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17
Q

The moss sporophyte is dependent on what?

A

the gametophyte

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18
Q

Zygote in mosses is called?

A

archegonium

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19
Q

Moss sex requires water

A

k

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20
Q

Mosses are important in forming what?

A

soil

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21
Q

Mosses hold soil in place and prevent ______.

A

erosion

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22
Q

Peat moss is important economically.

A

k

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23
Q

What is the scientific name for peat?

A

sphagnum

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24
Q

Peat moss has large, dead___ that absorb and hold ____

A

cells

water

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25
Q

What is the scientific name for liverwort?

A

Hepatophyta

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26
Q

Many liverwort gametophyte are flattened, lobelike_______.

A

thalli

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27
Q

Thallus (liverwort shape)

A

body form that is flattened, lobed structure

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28
Q

Leafy (liverwort shape)

A

body form of leaflike blades

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29
Q

Marchantia

A

thalloid liverwort

30
Q

______do not have stomata.

A

Liverworts

31
Q

Liverworts may reproduce sexually and _______

A

asexually

32
Q

What is a liverwort gemmae?

A

tiny balls of tissue borne in a saucer-shaped structure called a gemmae cup located on the thallus

33
Q

Gemmae are a form of______reproduction

A

asexual

34
Q

What is the scientific name for hornworts?

A

anthocerophyta

35
Q

Hornworts have______gametophytes.

A

thalloid

36
Q

Hornworts sporophyte forms a___or___ growing out of the thallus.

A

spike

horn

37
Q

Seedless vascular plants have a dominant ___ generation

A

sporophyte

38
Q

Seedless vascular plant sex requires water

A

k

39
Q

Seedless vascular plants have true_____.

A

leaves

40
Q

What are the 2 types of true leaves

A

Microphyll

Megaphyll

41
Q

Microphyll

A

small with a single vascualr strand

42
Q

Megaphyll

A

larger with more than 1 vascular strand

43
Q

Microphyll is only found in ______

A

club mosses

44
Q

What are the 2 phyla of seedless vascular plants? Give exs.

A

Lycopodiophyta- club mosses

Pteridophyta- ferns, whisk ferns, horsetails

45
Q

Club moss sporophytes consist of roots,_____, ____ branches, and microphylls.

A

rhizomes

errect

46
Q

Scientific name for club mosses

A

Lycopodium

47
Q

Club mosses are evergreens and sometimes are called what?

A

ground pines

48
Q

How tall do club mosses get?

A

less than 10 inches

49
Q

What is the largest and most diverse group of seedless vascular plants?

A

pteridophyta (ferns)

50
Q

What is a rhizome?

A

underground stem. Ferns have them

51
Q

Fern leaves (fronds) bear ______ in clusters (sori)

A

sporangia

52
Q

Fiddlehead

A

tightly coiled young frond just emerging from the ground

53
Q

Meiosis in sporangia produces ____ spores.

A

haploid

54
Q

Another name for fern gametophyte

A

prothallus

55
Q

The prothallus develops from what?

A

haploid spore

56
Q

The prothallus is tiny, often heart-shaped structure that grows flat against the _____.

A

ground

57
Q

The protallus bears both archegonia and antheridia.

A

k

58
Q

Whisk fern sporophytes have______ branching rhizomes and erect stems while lacking true ____ and leaves

A

dichotomously

roots

59
Q

Scientific name for whisk fern

A

psilotum

60
Q

Horsetail stems contain_____

A

silica

61
Q

Horsetail leaves are ___ which are fused in whorls at nodes.

A

megaphylls

62
Q

Scientific name for horsetails

A

equisetum

63
Q

Homospory

A

production of kind of spore

64
Q

What plants are homospory

A

bryophytes, most club mosses, most ferns

65
Q

In homospory plants spores give rise to_______plants

A

gametophyte

66
Q

Heterospory

A

production of 2 kinds of spores (microspores and megaspores)

67
Q

What plants are heterospory?

A

some club mosses and ferns, all seed plants

68
Q

Selaginella

A

a genus of club moss which is heterosporus

69
Q

microspores

A

produce male gametophyte

70
Q

megaspores

A

give rise to female gametophytes

Biology 3 (5 decks)

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